“…1 My main claim below is that, in Moses and Monotheism, Freud focuses on the two central tenets of the Jewish Question: understanding the core features of Jewish identity, on the one hand, and explaining the pervasiveness of antisemitism within Western culture, on the other. At its best, the way Freud raises these issues allows him, theoretically, to challenge modern conceptions of secularisation as linear progress (Chernilo, 2023); historically, to interrogate the origins and trajectory of Judaism as a religion, first, and as a cultural marker later on (Batnitzky, 2011); and, politically, to explain why antisemitism continues to be such a major issue for political ideologies and parties on both the right and the left (Hirsh, 2017;Levi and Rothberg, 2020). More than scrutinising Freud's texts to the letter, therefore, my strategy here is to think through these questions with as well as beyond Freud's own insights.…”