Gubernacular development in the mouse is similar to the rat and suggests that the processus vaginalis is derived from the urogenital ridge and is different from the parietal peritoneum

Buraundi, Silverton; Balic, Adam; Farmer, Pamela J.; Southwell, Bridget R.; Hutson, John M.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.02.053

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…24 CellTracker™+ mesothelial cells and EdU+ non-muscle cells became incorporated into cremaster muscle of cultured GCCs. GCC mesothelial cells are prominent, 25 and express WT1 in the E13.5 mouse 10 and E17 rat (Barthold et al, unpublished). Notably, cell fate mapping of WT1-expressing or lipophilic dye-labeled mesothelial cells show similar internal migration 26 and contribute to vascular smooth muscle and mesenchyme, including myofibroblasts, within lung and abdominal organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Rat Gubernaculum Mesenchymal Cells Adopt Myogenic and Myofibroblast-Like Phenotypes

et al. 2016

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Purpose Gubernaculum-cremaster complex (GCC) development is hormonally-regulated and abnormal in a cryptorchid rat model. Using cell tracking techniques and imaging, we studied myogenic phenotypes and fates in the fetal rat GCC. Materials and methods E17 (embryonic day 17) GCCs were labeled with CellTracker™ or DNA synthesis marker 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), or immobilized in Matrigel™ and grown in culture. E17-21 GCC sections and cells were imaged using widefield and deconvolution immunofluorescence microscopy and muscle- and/or myofibroblast-specific antibodies. Deconvolved image stacks were used to create a 3-dimensional (3D) model of E21 GCC muscle. Results Paired-box 7 (PAX7)+ and myogenin+ muscle precursors were visible in a desmin-rich “myogenic zone” between muscle layers that elongated and became thicker during development. GCC inner mesenchymal cells expressed desmin and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) at lower levels than in the myogenic zone. After pulse-labeling with CellTracker™ or EdU, mesenchymal cells became incorporated into differentiated muscle. Conversely, mesenchymal cells migrated beyond Matrigel™-immobilized GCCs, expressed PAX7 and fused to form striated myotubes. Mesenchymal GCC cell lines proliferated >40 passages and exhibited contractile behavior, but did not form striated muscle. Our 3D GCC model showed 2 orthogonal ventral layers and an arcing inner layer of muscle. Conclusions Our data suggest that mesenchymal cells in the peripheral myogenic zone of the fetal GCC contribute to formation of a distinctively-patterned cremaster muscle. Non-myogenic, desmin- and αSMA-positive GCC mesenchymal cells proliferate and exhibit a myofibroblast-like phenotype in culture. Intrinsic mechanical properties of these divergent cell types may facilitate perinatal inversion of the GCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Rat Gubernaculum Mesenchymal Cells Adopt Myogenic and Myofibroblast-Like Phenotypes

et al. 2016

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“…9 ). At E18.5 the processus vaginalis or outpouching of the peritoneum occurs in males at the site of gubernacular caudal connection 43 (Fig. 3a ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of small molecule agonists of the Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 2

et al. 2022

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The relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2) belongs to the family of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and it is the only known target for the insulin-like factor 3 peptide (INSL3). The importance of this ligand-receptor pair in the development of the gubernacular ligament during the transabdominal phase of testicular descent is well established. More recently, RXFP2 has been implicated in maintaining healthy bone formation. In this report, we describe the discovery of a small molecule series of RXFP2 agonists. These compounds are highly potent, efficacious, and selective RXFP2 allosteric agonists that induce gubernacular invagination in mouse embryos, increase mineralization activity in human osteoblasts in vitro, and improve bone trabecular parameters in adult mice. The described RXFP2 agonists are orally bioavailable and display favorable pharmacokinetic properties, which allow for future evaluation of the therapeutic benefits of modulating RXFP2 activation in disease models.

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“…Consequently, we suggest that the diminished fertility observed in this study may be due to the neuropathy caused by denervation of CM and the alteration of its contractile characteristics, which might fail to favour the mechanisms necessary for expulsion of spermatozoa during ejaculation. Because the coincidences in testes descent for specific species might be based on deeply embedded homology of common evolutionary development of descent (Buraundi et al ., ; Lie & Hutson, ), the extrapolation from rodents to humans is possible, and we propose further study of the damage on CM induced by an injury on GFN to have a complete overview of the mechanisms inherent in the acquired testes ascent by this cause, and the potential risks that this iatrogenic alteration could have on the fertility of affected patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infertility in rats subjected to genitofemoral nerve section is not associated with testicular damage

et al. 2013

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This work was aimed at assessing the relationship between testicular ascent and infertility induced by genitofemoral nerve (GFN) section in rats. Eighteen male rats were assigned to three experimental groups as follows: (i) Group SGFN was subjected to surgical section of genitofemoral nerve; (ii) Group Sham; (iii) Control group. The GFN was cut at puberty (28D), and the contralateral testis removed at 90D, with fertility tests at 120D. At 150D, maturity index, epithelial area and histopathological index of seminiferous tubules of all rats were determined and statistically compared between superior and inferior testicle poles, and between groups. There were no differences in testicular parameters, sperm morphology or sperm concentrations (P > 0.05). Section of NGF interfered with fertility (58.3 ± 15.4 in SGFN versus 83.3 ± 10.5 in Sham) and litter size (6.2 ± 1.1 in SGFN versus 10.7 ± 1.4 in Sham). Cremaster of SGFN group showed early neuropathy. The GFN section induced partial testicular ascent and diminished fertility without damage on testicular morphology or spermatic parameters, because, cremaster could affect the contractibility and ejaculation mechanisms in which it participates. The study of the damage on cremaster induced by an injury on GFN could have an overview of the mechanisms inherent in the testicular ascent induced by this iatrogenic alteration and their potential risks on fertility.

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Gubernacular development in the mouse is similar to the rat and suggests that the processus vaginalis is derived from the urogenital ridge and is different from the parietal peritoneum

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Fetal Rat Gubernaculum Mesenchymal Cells Adopt Myogenic and Myofibroblast-Like Phenotypes

Fetal Rat Gubernaculum Mesenchymal Cells Adopt Myogenic and Myofibroblast-Like Phenotypes

Discovery of small molecule agonists of the Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 2

Infertility in rats subjected to genitofemoral nerve section is not associated with testicular damage

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