Guanine Quadruplex Electrochemical Aptasensors

Chiorcea-Paquim, Ana-Maria; Oliveira-Brett, Ana Maria

doi:10.3390/chemosensors4030013

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…In the last few years, we have witnessed novel developments in electrochemical biosensors and their translation from bench to commercial devices; however, a key is the lack of systematic screening technology to discover novel molecules for biosensing applications. Aptamers are an interesting class of oligonucleotides, larger than small molecules but smaller than antibodies, with specific binding affinities toward a variety of targets [64,70,71]. Most aptamers show large conformation changes upon ligand binding, which makes them ideal molecules for electrochemical biosensing, and many original developments have been published by academic laboratories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges in Electrochemical Aptasensors and Current Sensing Architectures Using Flat Gold Surfaces

Rozenblum

Pollitzer²,

Radrizzani

2019

Chemosensors

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In recent years, reagentless aptamer biosensors, named aptasensors, have shown significant advancements. Particularly, electrochemical aptasensors could change the field of biosensors in this era, where digitalization seems to be a common goal of many fields. Biomedical devices are integrating electronic technologies for detecting pathogens, biomolecules, small molecules, and ions, and the physical-chemical properties of nucleic acid aptamers makes them very interesting for these devices. Aptamers can be easily synthesized and functionalized with functional groups for immobilization and with redox chemical groups that allow for the conversion of molecular interactions into electrical signals. Furthermore, non-labeled aptamers have also been utilized. This review presents the current challenges involved in aptasensor architectures based on gold electrodes as transducers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many discovered aptamers contain guanine (G)-rich stretches that are able to self-assemble into a secondary structure called G-quadruplex (GQ) [64]. Monovalent cations, such as sodium and potassium, play an important role in stabilizing GQ structures.…”

Section: Aptasensor Electrochemistry Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Electrochemical Aptasensors and Current Sensing Architectures Using Flat Gold Surfaces

Rozenblum

Pollitzer²,

Radrizzani

2019

Chemosensors

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“…The poly(G) can also form four-stranded GQ secondary structures, that consist of superposed G-quartets (planar association of four G bases interacting by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds), stacked by π–π hydrophobic interactions and stabilized by monovalent cations such as K + and Na + placed in between the GQ planes [ 51 , 52 ]. In fresh solutions, poly(G) is mainly in a single-stranded configuration, and DPVs at a GCE show only the G r oxidation peak [ 34 ], as shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Dna Electrochemical Biosensor Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Electrochemical Biosensors for In Situ Probing of Pharmaceutical Drug Oxidative DNA Damage

Chiorcea-Paquim

Oliveira-Brett

2021

Sensors

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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) electrochemical biosensors are devices that incorporate immobilized DNA as a molecular recognition element on the electrode surface, and enable probing in situ the oxidative DNA damage. A wide range of DNA electrochemical biosensor analytical and biotechnological applications in pharmacology are foreseen, due to their ability to determine in situ and in real-time the DNA interaction mechanisms with pharmaceutical drugs, as well as with their degradation products, redox reaction products, and metabolites, and due to their capacity to achieve quantitative electroanalytical evaluation of the drugs, with high sensitivity, short time of analysis, and low cost. This review presents the design and applications of label-free DNA electrochemical biosensors that use DNA direct electrochemical oxidation to detect oxidative DNA damage. The DNA electrochemical biosensor development, from the viewpoint of electrochemical and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization, and the bottom-up immobilization of DNA nanostructures at the electrode surface, are described. Applications of DNA electrochemical biosensors that enable the label-free detection of DNA interactions with pharmaceutical compounds, such as acridine derivatives, alkaloids, alkylating agents, alkylphosphocholines, antibiotics, antimetabolites, kinase inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, metal complexes, nucleoside analogs, and phenolic compounds, which can be used in drug analysis and drug discovery, and may lead to future screening systems, are reviewed.

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“…The electrochemical behaviour of G-rich DNA sequences, able to self-assemble into GQ configurations, Scheme 2 (c), was recently studied [ 54 – 59 ].…”

Section: Electrochemical and Afm Characterization Of G-quadruplexementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and AFM Characterization of G-Quadruplex Electrochemical Biosensors and Applications

Chiorcea-Paquim

Eritja

Oliveira‐Brett

2018

Journal of Nucleic Acids

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Guanine-rich DNA sequences are able to form G-quadruplexes, being involved in important biological processes and representing smart self-assembling nanomaterials that are increasingly used in DNA nanotechnology and biosensor technology. G-quadruplex electrochemical biosensors have received particular attention, since the electrochemical response is particularly sensitive to the DNA structural changes from single-stranded, double-stranded, or hairpin into a G-quadruplex configuration. Furthermore, the development of an increased number of G-quadruplex aptamers that combine the G-quadruplex stiffness and self-assembling versatility with the aptamer high specificity of binding to a variety of molecular targets allowed the construction of biosensors with increased selectivity and sensitivity. This review discusses the recent advances on the electrochemical characterization, design, and applications of G-quadruplex electrochemical biosensors in the evaluation of metal ions, G-quadruplex ligands, and other small organic molecules, proteins, and cells. The electrochemical and atomic force microscopy characterization of G-quadruplexes is presented. The incubation time and cations concentration dependence in controlling the G-quadruplex folding, stability, and nanostructures formation at carbon electrodes are discussed. Different G-quadruplex electrochemical biosensors design strategies, based on the DNA folding into a G-quadruplex, the use of G-quadruplex aptamers, or the use of hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzymes, are revisited.

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Guanine Quadruplex Electrochemical Aptasensors

Cited by 16 publications

References 129 publications

Challenges in Electrochemical Aptasensors and Current Sensing Architectures Using Flat Gold Surfaces

Challenges in Electrochemical Aptasensors and Current Sensing Architectures Using Flat Gold Surfaces

DNA Electrochemical Biosensors for In Situ Probing of Pharmaceutical Drug Oxidative DNA Damage

Electrochemical and AFM Characterization of G-Quadruplex Electrochemical Biosensors and Applications

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