18 · Background 19Moso bamboo is well-known for its rapid-growth shoots and widespread rhizomes. 20However, the regulatory genes of these two processes are largely unexplored. 21 GATA factors regulate many developmental processes, but its role in plant height 22 control and rhizome development remains unclear. 23
·
Results
24Here, we found that bamboo GATA factors (PeGATAs) are involved in the 25 growth regulation of bamboo shoots and rhizomes. Bioinformatics and 26 evolutionary analysis showed that there are 31 PeGATA factors in bamboo, which 27 can be divided into three subfamilies. Light, hormone, and stress-related 28 cis-elements were found in the promoter region of the PeGATA genes. Gene 29 expression of 12 PeGATA genes was regulated by phytohormone-GA but there 30 was no correlation between auxin and PeGATA gene expression. More than 27 31PeGATA genes were differentially expressed in different tissues of rhizomes, and 32 almost all PeGATAs have dynamic gene expression level during the rapid-growth 33 3 of bamboo shoots. These results indicate that PeGATAs regulate rhizome 34 development and bamboo shoot growth partially via GA signaling pathway. In 35 addition, PeGATA26, a rapid-growth negative regulatory candidate gene 36 modulated by GA treatment, was overexpressed in Arabidopsis, and 37 over-expression of PeGATA26 significantly repressed Arabidopsis primary root 38 length and plant height. The PeGATA26 overexpressing lines were also resistant 39 to exogenous GA treatment, further emphasizing that PeGATA26 inhibits plant 40 height from Arabidopsis to moso bamboo via GA signaling pathway. 41 ·
Conclusions 42Our results provide an insight into the function of GATA transcription factors in 43 regulating shoot rapid-growth and rhizome development, and provide genetic 44 resources for engineering plant height. 45Running title: GATA family in moso bamboo 46