Grundlagen der Hautpigmentierung

Brenner, Michaela; Berking, Carola

doi:10.1007/s00105-009-1913-z

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Besides environmental factors, such as UV exposure, producing melanin is under genetic control too. So far, more than 150 genes have been identified that affect skin and feather color either directly or indirectly (Brenner & Berking, 2010). When an individual faces UV stress, the stress activates melanogenesis (Ducrest et al., 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking plumage dimorphism and environmental stress

Shahrokhi

Patten

2022

Journal of Zoology

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Besides the importance of pigmentation in species recognition, pigments protect the body against different biotic and abiotic features. Melanin, the dark coloration pigments in skin, hairs, and feathers, is necessary for protecting the body from UV radiation. On the other hand, the lighter a surface is, the more solar radiation is reflected. Based on these arguments, it is possible that pigment distribution would not be the same among all body regions of a unicolored individual due to the amount of solar exposure. Therefore, three species of the Egretta genus (E. dimorpha, E. gularis, and E. garzetta) in which all individuals are unicolored, and two of which are dichromatic (dark grey/black and white), were selected as model studies. We hypothesized that within dark and white unicolored Egrets, due to foraging and standing postures, body regions that are more exposed to the sun (like back and breast) would be darker or whiter compared to other body regions (vent and tail), respectively. Visual wavelength reflections of five body regions (breast, back, belly, vent, and tail) from 186 museum specimens were measured to indicate the concentration of pigments in each body region. Reflectance among body regions was compared using Kruschke's 'BEST' (Bayesian Estimation Supersedes the t test) framework to create Bayesian analogues for the paired t-test. The results show, regardless of the species, that the more exposed body regions to the sun (back followed by breast) are darker among dark individuals and whiter among white individuals in comparison to other body regions. Therefore, our hypothesis that the concentration of pigments is not similar in all body regions of unicolored individuals was supported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking plumage dimorphism and environmental stress

Shahrokhi

Patten

2022

Journal of Zoology

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“…Melanin is a dark pigment that is synthesized in melanocytes by the oxidation of l-tyrosine from external stimuli, such as UV [5][6][7][8][9]. Although the primary role of melanin is the protection of skin tissue from UV irradiation, age spots and freckles can form as a result of the excessive production of melanin [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Considerable efforts have been made to develop products that reduce melanin synthesis for use as whitening constituents [23,29,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, TYRP-2 is the enzyme dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), which facilitates the tautomerization of l-DOPAchrome (a red melanin precursor) to colorless dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). In the absence of TYRP-2, l-DOPAchrome is converted to dihydroxyindole (DHI), a toxic melanin precursor, which has a significant effect on the properties of the melanins produced [9][10][11][12]. Therefore, melanocytes might regulate the local and global homeostasis of the melanogenic system by controlling TYR, TYRP-1, and TYRP-2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid β-d-Glucosyl Ester and Cimidahurinine with Antimelanogenesis and Antioxidant Effects from Pyracantha angustifolia via Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation

et al. 2020

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This study evaluated bioactivity-guided fractionation as a means to identify therapeutic phytochemicals from Pyracantha angustifolia that can attenuate melanogenesis and oxidation. Seven compounds with inhibitory effects on melanin production and tyrosinase (TYR) activity, and ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging activities, which have not been reported as whitening materials, were isolated from the n-butanol fraction from P. angustifolia leaves (PAL). Among the seven compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid β-d-glucosylester (HG), and cimidahurinine (CH) had strong inhibitory effects on melanin production and TYR activity, as well as ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging activities. Western blot analysis showed that HG and CH suppressed tyrosinase-related protein (TYRP)-1 and TYRP-2 expression. Moreover, HG and CH inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-treated B16F10 cells. These results suggest that P. angustifolia containing active compounds, such as HG and CH, is a potent therapeutic candidate for the development of hypopigmenting agents.

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“…In addition, filaggrin (FLG) and transglutaminase-1 (TGM-1) have been reported as natural moisturizing factors with moisturization and skin barrier functions [5, 15]. Melanin is a dark pigment that is synthesized in melanocytes by the oxidation of L-tyrosine and protects the skin from external stimuli such as UV [16, 17]. Although the primary role of melanin is to protect skin tissues from UV irradiation, excessive production of melanin causes the generation of age spots and freckles, and many efforts have been made to develop preparations that reduce melanin synthesis for use as whitening constituents [5, 18–20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidative and Antimelanogenesis Effect of Momordica charantia Methanol Extract

Park

Kim

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Despite a large number of studies reporting a variety of biological and pharmacological activities of Momordica charantia, its skin protective properties are poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the skin protective properties of Momordica charantia methanol extract (Mc-ME) and the underlying mechanism in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes. Mc-ME exhibited an antioxidative property by decreasing radical levels in HaCaT keratinocytes and a cytoprotective property in H2O2-damaged HaCaT cells, which was mediated by increasing the expression or activation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), HO-1, p85/PI3K, and AKT. Mc-ME was also active against wrinkle formation by regulating the activity or expression of tissue remodeling factors such as elastase, type 1 collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -9 and tissue-protecting enzymes such as hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in NIH3T3 fibroblasts and HaCaT cells, in addition to increasing the proliferation of HaCaT cells. Mc-ME also showed antidehydration properties by inducing the expression of natural moisturizing factors such as filaggrin (FLG), transglutaminase-1 (TGM-1), and hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS)-1, -2, and -3 in HaCaT cells. Moreover, Mc-ME showed an antimelanogenic property by inhibiting the synthesis and secretion of melanin from B16F10 melanoma cells via suppression of tyrosinase activity. Taken together, these results suggest that Mc-ME plays a skin protective role through its antioxidative, cytoprotective, skin remodeling, moisturizing, and antimelanogenic properties and might be a new and promising skin protective cosmeceutical.

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Grundlagen der Hautpigmentierung

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Linking plumage dimorphism and environmental stress

Linking plumage dimorphism and environmental stress

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid β-d-Glucosyl Ester and Cimidahurinine with Antimelanogenesis and Antioxidant Effects from Pyracantha angustifolia via Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation

Antioxidative and Antimelanogenesis Effect of Momordica charantia Methanol Extract

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