Growth, Yielding and Healthiness of Grapevine Cultivars ‘Solaris’ and ‘Regent’ in Response to Fertilizers and Biostimulants

Abstract

In the years 2008–2015, field experiments were conducted on the vines of cultivars ‘Solaris’ and ‘Regent’ grafted on SO4 rootstock. The following treatments: 1. control (untreated), 2. NPK (mineral fertilization 70 kg N·ha−1; 40 kg P·ha−1; 120 kg K·ha−1), 3. mycorrhizal substrate (AMF – Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi), 4. NPK + AMF, 5. manure (before planting), 6. NPK + manure (before planting), 7. Bioilsa, 8. NPK + Bioilsa, 9. BF-Ecomix, 10. NPK + BF-Ecomix, 11. Ausma and 12. NPK + Ausma were applied to evaluate the usefulness of biostimulants and mineral and organic fertilizers in organic grapevine production in “cool climate” conditions of Poland. The tests did not show a definite positive effect of the biostimulants and organic fertilizers on growth, yielding and healthiness of the cultivars ‘Solaris’ and ‘Regent’. There were no substantial differences in total marketable yield in the years 2009 to 2015 between control and other treatments. Grapevines planted in soil rich in minerals grew and yielded well despite no mineral fertilization for a number of years. In 2014, when the air humidity was high during vegetation, intensive rotting of the berries of cultivar ‘Solaris’, caused by Botrytis cinerea, was observed on plants fertilized with NPK.

Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Solaris and Regent Grapevine Plants Treated with Bioproducts

“…The only exceptions in those years were the higher marketable yields of Solaris treated with Bioilsa in 2014 and of Regent treated with NPK + manure in 2014 and 2015. No significant differences were found in the cumulative marketable yields in the years 2009 to 2015 between the untreated control and other combinations, neither in the case of the cultivar Solaris nor for Regent (Lisek et al, 2016).…”

“…The average total annual precipitation amounted to 500 mm and ranged from 316 mm in 2015 to 680 mm in 2010. In the course of the study, the following minimum winter temperatures below -20.0°C were recorded: -23.0°C (6.01.2009); -28.1°C (26.01.2010); -22.3°C (2011-02-22); -23.3°C (2012-02-04; and -21.4°C (2013-03-24) (Lisek et al, 2016).…”

“…During the growing season, one to two treatments were performed with pesticides containing mancozeb and sulphur. The experimental plots were not irrigated throughout the entire study period (Lisek et al, 2016).…”

“…The cultivars Solaris and Regent, commonly cultivated in Poland, are classified either as Vitis vinifera cultivars (Vitis International Variety Catalogue, 2016) or as inter-intraspecific hybrids (Theocharis et al, 2010). These cultivars are more resistant to frost than most of the original V. vinifera cultivars, and have low sensitivity to fungal diseases (Lisek et al, 2016).…”

Nutrition, yield and quality of ‘Niagara Rosada’ vine fruits using cattle slurry and plastic cover

“…On the other hand, mineral fertilization with N, P or K on 'Niagara Rosada' plants without considering soil nutrient availability may not increase fruit yield, production costs and also risk of environmental contamination (TEIXEIRA et al, 2011). In fertile soil, mineral fertilization associated with organic fertilization did not increase yield and quality of 'Solaris' and 'Regente' grapevines; however, mineral fertilization with NPK for the first cultivar increased the incidence of fungal diseases and decreased production (LISEK et al, 2016).…”