Growth, yield, and land use efficiency of soybean-maize relay cropping under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps

Abstract

More than 75 percent of households growing maize and soybean adopts the monoculture method. The relay cropping of soybean-maize is a strategic choice to increase the planted area and productivity of these two commodities' sustainability in tidal swamps. The research aimed to study the land equivalent ratio (LER), determine the best planting spacing and soybean varieties, and the best relay cropping of maize on saturated soil culture in tidal swamps. The experiment was on mineral soils with type B tidal swamps, in Banyuasin, South Sumatra, from July to December 2022. The experiment used a three-factor randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was soybean varieties: Argomulyo, Gepak Kuning, Detap 1, and Demas 1, the second factor was soybean planting spacing: 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and 60 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm, and the third factor was the relay cropping of maize: 30 and 45 days after planting (DAP) of soybeans. Results showed that plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, filled pods, 100 seeds weight, and seed yield were influenced significantly by varieties. Demas 1 variety produced a higher seed yield, with relay cropping and monoculture, i.e., 4.2 tons ha-1 and 4.1 tons ha-1, respectively. Plant height, stem diameters, number of leaves, 100 grains weight, and grain yield in maize were significantly higher at soybean planting spacing of 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and relay cropping at 30 DAP. The LER values > 1, indicated that relay cropping increased land productivity as compared to monoculture cultivation. The LER at relay cropping of 30 DAP was significantly highest for Argomulyo and Detap 1 varieties, i.e., 1.8 and 1.8, respectively.
 Keywords: Land equivalent ratio, planting spacing, relay cropping, saturated soil culture, tidal swamps

Responses of shallot to ameliorant and actinobacteria applications in water-saturated system on tidal land

“…Utilization of tidal land, which is suboptimal land, is a viable alternative (Saputra & Sari, 2021). Tidal land in Indonesia is estimated at 20.12 million ha, around 16.19% of the total agricultural land in Indonesia which covers an area of 124.25 million ha, with details of potential land at 2.07 million ha, acid sulfate land 6.72 million ha, peat land at 10.89 million ha, and saline land 0.33 million ha, the area land that has the potential to be used as agricultural land reaches 8.536 million ha, of which 2.834 million ha have been reclaimed and 5.702 million ha have not been reclaimed (Sahuri et al, 2023).…”