Growth, survival, and tag retention of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and its application to survival estimates

Sandstrom, Philip T.; Ammann, Arnold J.; Michel, C.; Singer, Gabriel P.; Chapman, Eric D.; Lindley, Steven T.; MacFarlane, R. Bruce; Klimley, A. Peter

doi:10.1007/s10641-012-0051-0

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…If this were true, it would be extremely unlikely that virtually all tag extrusions occurred within the listening radius of the HCB receivers. A comprehensive laboratory study found that after 20 days post-implantation, steelhead smolts retained their VEMCO dummy tags at a high rate (97% for V7 tags and 95% for V9 tags) [43]. The mean time from release to last bridge detection in the present study was 16 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

A Floating Bridge Disrupts Seaward Migration and Increases Mortality of Steelhead Smolts in Hood Canal, Washington State

2013

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BackgroundHabitat modifications resulting from human transportation and power-generation infrastructure (e.g., roads, dams, bridges) can impede movement and alter natural migration patterns of aquatic animal populations, which may negatively affect survival and population viability. Full or partial barriers are especially problematic for migratory species whose life histories hinge on habitat connectivity.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe Hood Canal Bridge, a floating structure spanning the northern outlet of Hood Canal in Puget Sound, Washington, extends 3.6 meters underwater and forms a partial barrier for steelhead migrating from Hood Canal to the Pacific Ocean. We used acoustic telemetry to monitor migration behavior and mortality of steelhead smolts passing four receiver arrays and several single receivers within the Hood Canal, Puget Sound, and Strait of Juan de Fuca. Twenty-seven mortality events were detected within the vicinity of the Hood Canal Bridge, while only one mortality was recorded on the other 325 receivers deployed throughout the study area. Migrating steelhead smolts were detected at the Hood Canal Bridge array with greater frequency, on more receivers, and for longer durations than smolts migrating past three comparably configured arrays. Longer migration times and paths are likely to result in a higher density of smolts near the bridge in relation to other sites along the migration route, possibly inducing an aggregative predator response to steelhead smolts.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study provides strong evidence of substantial migration interference and increased mortality risk associated with the Hood Canal Bridge, and may partially explain low early marine survival rates observed in Hood Canal steelhead populations. Understanding where habitat modifications indirectly increase predation pressures on threatened populations helps inform potential approaches to mitigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

A Floating Bridge Disrupts Seaward Migration and Increases Mortality of Steelhead Smolts in Hood Canal, Washington State

2013

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“…Because we sampled fish in 30 d increments, we were able to observe individuals regularly and believe that the majority of fish that expelled their tags in our study passed them through the body wall based on tag bulge and inflammation. One other study concluded that tag loss occurring before 31 d was likely occurring at the incision site and all tag shedding after was attributed to being passed through the body wall [21]. The size of fish may play a role in transmitter retention [1], and other factors, such as suture types and surgeon skill, also influence tag retention [1,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Transmitters Impact Rainbow Trout Growth in a Competitive Environment

Urbaniak¹,

Barnes²,

Davis³

2016

TOFISHSJ

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Fish implanted with acoustic transmitters are assumed to behave and grow after stocking similar to untagged fish. In this study, three groups (tagged, sham, and control) of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss [mean (SD) initial length = 277 (24) mm] range were maintained together in three raceways for 90 days, with each raceway containing 10 tagged, 10 sham, and 10 control fish. The fish in the tagged group were anesthetized and had an inert transmitter inserted via a ventral incision. Fish in the sham group were anesthetized and had an incision without transmitter implantation, while the control group was anesthetized only. In each raceway, trout with the inert transmitters were significantly lighter and shorter than fish from the other two groups at the end of the experiment. However, the reduction in weight, length, and specific growth rate occurred primarily during the first 38 days posttagging, with tagged fish growing at similar rates to the other two groups for the final 52 days of the experiment. Mortality data indicated a survival threshold of 280 mm length in the tagged fish, with 100% survival of the Rainbow Trout greater than 280 mm and only 59.1% survival of trout less than 280 mm. Based on the results of this study, rainbow trout implanted with 9 x 24 mm, 3.6 g acoustic transmitters should be held prior to release for a minimum of 38 days to ensure similar growth rates as untagged conspecifics, and only trout with an initial length greater than 280 mm should be used to maximize survival.

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“…The tagging procedure can induce additional handling stress on smolts that may lead to tagging-induced mortality (e.g., Lacroix et al 2004;Brown et al 2010;Sandstrom et al 2013), which should be considered when estimating mortality rates. To reduce the effects of handling-induced mortality, in addition to holding salmon for 24 h after tagging and prior to release, we estimated survival using only those smolts that were detected on any downstream receiver.…”

Section: Field Methods Tagging and Telemetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of predation on telemetry-based survival estimates: insights from a study on endangered Atlantic salmon smolts

Gibson

Halfyard

Bradford

et al. 2015

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Telemetry is increasingly being used to estimate population-level survival rates. However, these estimates may be affected by the detectability of telemetry tags and are reliant on the assumption that telemetry data represent the movements of the tagged fish. Predation on tagged fish has the potential to bias survival estimates, and unlike the issue of detectability, methods to correct for the resulting bias (termed "predation bias") are not yet developed. In an acoustic telemetry study on inner Bay of Fundy Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts during 2008 and 2011, unusual tag detection patterns were indicative that some data may have been representative of the movements of predators rather than smolts. To incorporate predation effects into the resulting survival estimates, a suite of 11 summary migration metrics were compared between Atlantic salmon smolts and striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Cluster analyses revealed that 2.4% to 13.6% of tags implanted in smolts exhibited migration patterns more similar to striped bass than to other smolts, which was interpreted here as evidence of predation. Reassigning the fate of these tags as "depredated-died" reduced estimated survival from 43.5% to 41.1% in 2008 and from 32.6% to 19.0% in 2011 relative to a traditional mark-recapture model, illustrating the effect of predation bias in this case study.Résumé : L'utilisation de la télémétrie pour estimer les taux de survie à l'échelle de la population est de plus en plus répandue. Ces estimations peuvent toutefois être influencées par la détectabilité des étiquettes utilisées et reposent sur le principe que les données de télémétrie rendent compte des déplacements des poissons marqués. La prédation de ces derniers pourrait cependant biaiser les estimations des taux de survie et, contrairement au problème de détectabilité, il n'existe pas encore de méthode permettant de corriger le biais qui en résulte (appelé « biais de prédation »). Dans une étude de télémétrie acoustique portant sur des saumoneaux de saumon atlantique (Salmo salar) de la haute baie de Fundy, menée en 2008 et 2011, des motifs de détection d'étiquettes inhabituels indiquaient que certaines données pouvaient refléter les déplacements de prédateurs plutôt que ceux des saumoneaux. Afin d'intégrer les effets de la prédation dans les estimations des taux de survie en découlant, 11 paramètres sommaires associés à la migration de saumoneaux de saumon atlantique et de bars d'Amérique (Morone saxatilis) ont été comparés. Des analyses typologiques ont révélé que de 2,4 % à 13,6 % des étiquettes implantées dans des saumoneaux témoignaient d'habitudes migratoires plus semblables à celles de bars d'Amérique qu'à celles d'autres saumoneaux, ce qui a été interprété comme une preuve de prédation. La réaffectation du destin de ces étiquettes à des individus « morts-victimes de prédation » s'est traduite par une réduction des taux de survie estimés de 43,5 % à 41,1 % pour 2008, et de 32,6 % à 19,0 % pour 2011, par rapport aux résultats d'un modèle de marquage-recapture tra...

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Growth, survival, and tag retention of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and its application to survival estimates

Cited by 34 publications

References 54 publications

A Floating Bridge Disrupts Seaward Migration and Increases Mortality of Steelhead Smolts in Hood Canal, Washington State

A Floating Bridge Disrupts Seaward Migration and Increases Mortality of Steelhead Smolts in Hood Canal, Washington State

Acoustic Transmitters Impact Rainbow Trout Growth in a Competitive Environment

Effects of predation on telemetry-based survival estimates: insights from a study on endangered Atlantic salmon smolts

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