Growth, stress and non-specific immune responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae exposed to different light spectra

A review on recirculating aquaculture system: influence of stocking density on fish and crustacean behavior, growth performance, and immunity

“…This species is mainly reared in RAS as well as flow-through systems (Jia et al, 2016). In 2015, the global turbot aquaculture production peaked at 6.5 thousand tons of which China produced 85% of the total production (Wu et al, 2019(Wu et al, , 2020.…”

Growth, oxidative stress and the non‐specific immune response of Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to different light spectra

“…The longer wavelengths (such as the red spectrum) penetrate shallow water, whereas shorter wavelengths (such as the blue and green spectra) predominate in deeper sea waters (Wu et al, 2020). Several studies have demonstrated the effects of light spectra on the growth performance, oxidative stress and immune‐physiological responses of sea bass ( Lateolabrax maculatus ), turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) and goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) (Hou et al, 2019; Wu et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2021; Noureldin et al, 2021). The rainbow trout is a visual predator and sensitive to a specific light spectrum, but which light spectrum is best for the welfare of this species has not been determined.…”

“…However, contrary to our results, Karakatsouli et al (2008), who studied larger fish, reported that red light favoured the growth of the fish. Indeed, the negative effects of relatively longer wavelengths, such as red light, have been reported to inhibit the growth of turbot (Wu et al, 2020) and carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) (Ruchin et al, 2002). In addition, fish under green light had better growth performance.…”

“…COR is an indicator of fish stress, and TP represents the energy consumption of the fish (Hoseini et al, 2019). Enzymes, such as LZM, SOD and CAT, comprise the main antioxidant enzyme system of teleost fish to resist the external oxidative stress (Wu et al, 2020). Elevated concentrations of all 10 of these biochemical parameters except TP, which decreased in fish reared under red light, indicate that the fish were stressed.…”

“…Light plays a particularly important role in the health and welfare of teleost fish (Villamizar et al, 2011; Ruchin, 2020). The longer wavelengths (such as the red spectrum) penetrate shallow water, whereas shorter wavelengths (such as the blue and green spectra) predominate in deeper sea waters (Wu et al, 2020). Several studies have demonstrated the effects of light spectra on the growth performance, oxidative stress and immune‐physiological responses of sea bass ( Lateolabrax maculatus ), turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) and goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) (Hou et al, 2019; Wu et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2021; Noureldin et al, 2021).…”