“…lipolytica yeast can produce CA from different carbon sources with varying degrees of efficiency. Figure 1 presents the maximal yields (YCA) obtained from different substrates: rapeseed oil [41], n-paraffines [42], sunflower oil [43], raw glycerol [44], extract of Jerusalem artichoke tubers [45], ethanol [46], glucose [47], the mixture of glucose and acetate [48], inulin [49], glucose hydrol [50], the mixture of glucose and oleic acid [51], the mixture of glycerol and olive mills [52], sucrose [53], pure glycerol [54], the mixtue of glucose and olive mills [55], xylose [56], galactose [57], expired "waste" glucose [58], aspen waste [46], grape must [59], carrot juice [60], waste cooking oil [61], fructose [62], the mixture of fructose and whey [59], waste bread hydrolysate [63].These values were found among the wild, mutant, or genetically modified strains of Y. lipolytica. Y. lipolytica yeast gives maximum yields from n-paraffins (1.44 g/g) [42] and vegetable oils (1.42-1.5 g/g) [41,43].…”