Growth, reproduction and possible recruitment variability in the abyssal brittle star Ophiocten hastatum (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata) in the NE Atlantic

Gage, John; Anderson, Roslyn M.; Tyler, Paul A.; Chapman, R. P.; Dolan, Emily

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.01.007

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Population density estimates indicate a change from 4979 individuals/ha (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994) to 53 359 individuals/ha (1997)(1998)(1999)(2000), an increase of .10-fold. Population density increases in O. hastatum also occurred at the Rockall Trough in the North Atlantic, but specific data on densities are not reported (Gage et al 2004). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A boom–bust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms

Uthicke

Schaffelke

Byrne

2009

Ecological Monographs

355

245

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Abstract. Echinoderms play a key role in structuring many marine ecosystems and are notorious for large population density variations in so-called ''outbreak'' or ''dieoff'' events. In a review of this phenomenon, we assess the causal factors and ecological and evolutionary consequences. We identified 28 species (6 Asteroidea, 8 Echinoidea, 10 Holothuroidea, 4 Ophiuroidea) that exhibit large (more than two population doublings or halvings) population density changes. Three generalized patterns were identified and named for exemplary species:(1) rapid decreases followed by no or slow recovery (Diadema-Paracentrotus Model), (2), rapid increase and apparent stability at a new population density (Amperima-Amphiura Model), and (3) population density fluctuations (Acanthaster-Asterias Model). Echinoderms identified were distributed from the shallow intertidal to the deep sea, and from tropical to temperate regions. In most cases, significant impacts on the respective ecosystems were observed. The most striking similarity among all species identified was possession of the ancestral-type planktotrophic larva. This larval type was significantly overrepresented in species identified within the Asteroidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, and for the combined data set. We suggest three main factors that render a life history with planktotrophic larvae a high-risk-high-gain strategy: (1) a strong nonlinear dependency of larval production on adult densities (Allee effects), (2) a low potential for compensatory feedback mechanisms, and (3) an uncoupling of larval and adult ecology. The alternative (derived) lecithotrophic larva occurs in 68% of recent echinoderm species, suggesting an evolutionary trend toward this larval type. Lecithotrophic development represents a more buffered life history because compensatory feedback between adult densities and larval output is likely to be more efficient. For lecithotrophic developers, direct nutritive coupling from adult to larva to the early benthic juvenile provides a buffer against starvation. Lecithotrophic larvae are independent of the vagaries of planktonic food supply, and their short planktonic duration may promote local recruitment. Anthropogenic influences contributed to the population density variations in most cases, including increased primary productivity through eutrophication or global change, disease, overfishing, and species introductions. We suggest that anthropogenic disturbance, through its influence on the frequency and/or amplitude of echinoderm population density changes, may go beyond present ecosystem impacts and alter future evolutionary trends.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A boom–bust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms

Uthicke

Schaffelke

Byrne

2009

Ecological Monographs

355

245

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“…Similarly, episodic recruitment of ophiuroids is known to occur in response to intermittent POM flux events at other abyssal localities in the world's oceans (Gage et al 2004;Booth et al 2008). …”

Section: Ophiura Irrorata Lovenimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this is not necessarily true of all abyssal ophiuroid species. In the NE Atlantic Ophiocten hastatum has been shown to have an isotopic composition indicative of feeding on fresh phytodetritus (Iken et al 2001) and to change radically in its abundance in response to changes in POC flux Gage et al 2004).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The reproductive ecology of deep-sea ophiuroids around the Crozet plateau, Southern Indian ocean, under contrasting productivity regimes

Billett

Bett

Evans

et al. 2013

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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The reproductive characteristics of six ophiuroid species, Ophiura irrorata loveni, Ophiura lienosa, Amphioplus daleus, Ophiacantha cosmica, Ophiernus quadrispinus and Ophioplexa condita, were studied at two localities in the vicinity of the Crozet Islands in the Southern Indian Ocean. The two localities were notable in having almost identical environmental characteristics other than major differences in surface-water primary productivity and organic matter flux, whilst at the same time being only 460km apart. Three species were sufficiently abundant at the two sites to compare their reproductive biology under different productivity regimes. Ophiura irrorata loveni showed significant differences in oocyte size distributions and population size distributions between the two sites which appeared to be related to the characteristics of organic matter flux at those localities. Ophiacantha cosmica and Ophioplexa condita showed differences in abundance between the two sites. This appeared to be related to the availability of suitable substrata.

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“…This has been confirmed in several studies (Selva ku ma raswamy & Byrne 1995, Falkner & Byrne 2003, Grange et al 2004, Borges et al 2009). Continuous breeding has been typically related to warm-water and deepsea species, with a trend toward longer spawning periods in the lower latitudes (Hendler 1991), even though for some deep-sea species a reproductive seasonality has been reported (Tyler & Gage 1980, 1982, Gage et al 2004. Based on the histological analysis of Ophioplocus januarii, a cyclic pattern with typical gametogenic stages could not be distinguished.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of Ophioplocus januarii (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): a continuous breeder in northern Patagonia, Argentina

Brogger¹,

Martínez²,

Zabala³

et al. 2013

Aquat. Biol.

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We studied the reproduction of Ophioplocus januarii from Playa Villarino (42°24' S, 64°17' W), based on monthly samples collected between April 2005 and April 2007. Gonad indices were generally synchronous for males and females with little seasonal pattern. The changes of the gonad index were not significantly correlated with day length or water temperature. Histological analyses showed no evidence of seasonal differences in the maturation stages of the gonads, but that ovaries contained oocytes at different stages of development during the year. Thus, variations in the gonad index resulted from differences in the number of gametes in the gonads each month, suggesting that there are some periods when spawning intensity is higher than in others. Oocyte size-frequency analysis revealed only slight accumulation of large oocytes, with the largest oocytes over 400 µm in diameter. This, together with the absence of oocytes being resorbed, suggests that gametes are being released continuously without a defined resting phase for the ovary. O. januarii breeds continuously, differing from the seasonal pattern of many other invertebrates living in shallow waters off the Patagonian coast as well as in other temperate seas, providing helpful information towards a better understanding of reproduction in Ophiuroidea.

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Growth, reproduction and possible recruitment variability in the abyssal brittle star Ophiocten hastatum (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata) in the NE Atlantic

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

A boom–bust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms

A boom–bust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms

The reproductive ecology of deep-sea ophiuroids around the Crozet plateau, Southern Indian ocean, under contrasting productivity regimes

Reproduction of Ophioplocus januarii (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): a continuous breeder in northern Patagonia, Argentina

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