Growth rate, diet digestibility, and serum proclactin of yearling horses fed non-infected and infected tall fescue hay

McCann, J.S.; Heusner, Gary L.; Amos, H. E.; Thompson, Donald L.

doi:10.1016/s0737-0806(06)81453-x

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A relationship between grazing E+ tall fescue and laminitis has been suggested based upon epidemiologic and pathologic reports (Rhorbach et al 1995). McCann et al (1992a) reported no reduction in growth of yearling horses grazing E+ tall fescue supplemented with concentrate. In contrast, average daily gain was reduced by 57% in yearling horses grazing E+ tall fescue without supplementation (Aiken et al 1993).…”

Section: Animal Toxicosis-tall Fescuementioning

confidence: 93%

Anti-quality factors associated with alkaloids in eastern temperate pasture

Thompson¹,

Stuedemann²,

Hill³

2001

REM

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The greatest anti-quality associated with eastern temperature pasture grasses is the result of ergot alkaloids found in endophyte-infected (Neotyphodium ceonophialum) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) The relationship between the grass and the endophyte is mutalistic with greater persistence and herbage mass as a result of the endophyte. Ergot alkaloids reduce growth rate, lactation, and reproduction in livestock. Significant effects are the result of elevated body temperature and reduced peripheral blood flow such that necrosis may result. Perturbations also occur in a variety of body systems. Planting new pastures with seed containing a "non-toxic" endophyte appears to be a potential solution. Ergotism results from the ingestion of the scelerotia of Claviceps purpurea containing ergot alkaloids found on seed heads. Ergotism resembles the effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue. Endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) contains ergot and lotirem alkaloids that result in reduced growth and tremors. Reed canarygrass (Phalaris Anundinacba L.) contains tryptamine, hordenine and gramine alkaloids that reduce growth. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiplorum L. may contain galls with cornetoxins which result in neurological signs.

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Section: Animal Toxicosis-tall Fescuementioning

confidence: 93%

Anti-quality factors associated with alkaloids in eastern temperate pasture

Thompson¹,

Stuedemann²,

Hill³

2001

REM

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“…General growth effects probably are due to the reduced feed intake and/or reported digestibility effects of E+ tall fescue in sheep, cattle, and horses (Hannah et al, 1990;Fiorito et al, 1991;Redmond et al, 1991;McCann et al, 1992), both of which would decrease available nutrients for growth and maintenance. Causes of reduced feed intake still remain elusive; potential effects of endophyte-produced tall fescue toxicants on feeding and satiety centers, gastrointestinal tract motility, blood flow patterns, heat stress, and/or a sensation of sickness are all possibilities.…”

Section: Nutrition and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

Strickland

Aiken

Spiers

et al. 2015

Agronomy Monographs

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Tall fescue toxicosis continues to be a major syndrome in temperate climates of the world in terms of economic loss to animal producers. Studies with forage-fed animals over the past three decades have provided insight concerning the pathophysiological effects of the alkaloids present in tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) DarbyshJ infected with the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) Glenn, Bacon, and Hanlin. To provide the reader a general understanding of the overall problem, we present a detailed discussion of the clinical signs of fescue toxicosis, the proposed toxicants, and projected solutions to this costly disease condition of ungulates. We also explore the physiological mechanisms proposed to be involved in the expression of the syndrome. Finally, we offer our suggestions for future research efforts in this arena and the potential impact of these approaches. T all fescue is an economically important cool-season perennial forage grass covering about 15 million ha in the United States alone (Buckner et al., 1979) and many more in continents outside North America (see Chapter 3, Hannaway et alv 2009, this publication). The vast majority of the tall fescue in the United States is grown within the transition zone of the eastern and central part of the country. With the development of novel nontoxic endophytes, tall fescue is again becoming increasingly popular for pastures in New Zealand and Australia. The wide distribution of tall fescue has been attributed to its symbiotic relationship (see Chapter 14, Christensen and Voisey, 2009, this publication) with the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium coenophialum (Glenn et al., 1996). Although beneficial to

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

2001

REM

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The objectives of this Colorado study were to assess primary reasons ranchers choose to stay or sell the ranch, compare the motivations for ranching between a traditional agriculturally based county and a rapidly developing county, and assess whether factors such as length of tenure, fiscal dependency on ranching, and dependency on public lands play roles in decisions to sell. Personal interviews were conducted with 37 ranchers. While land use conversion occurs for a wide variety of reasons, lack of heirs and detrimental public policy were important reasons given for selling ranches. Responses showed Routt County (a rapidly developing county) ranchers were more likely to sell due to land use conversion related issues than Moffat County ranchers (p = 0.056). Ranchers with a longer legacy on their land reported that profitability, having likely heirs, and continuing tradition enhanced their reasons to stay. Groups more "at risk" of selling were non-homesteading ranchers close to retirement, larger ranches, and ranchers dependent on ranching for income with declining profits. Large ranch owners experiencing land use conflicts with non-ranchers and ranchers modestly dependent on public forage experiencing changes in public policy regulations and land use conflicts also indicated a higher proclivity to sell. Noting how groups of ranchers are impacted by different changes can help refine community efforts related to land use conversion and create more thoughtful policy measures.

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Growth rate, diet digestibility, and serum proclactin of yearling horses fed non-infected and infected tall fescue hay

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Anti-quality factors associated with alkaloids in eastern temperate pasture

Anti-quality factors associated with alkaloids in eastern temperate pasture

Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

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