Growth rate and morphology of ice crystals growing in a solution of trehalose and water

Sei, Tadanori; Gonda, T.; Arima, Yoshiyasu

doi:10.1016/s0022-0248(02)00875-8

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The results of such studies have led to the hypothesis that disaccharides obstruct the crystallization process, thereby destroying the network of water in a manner similar to that occurring in ice. This hypothesis qualitatively coincides with the conclusions suggested by the ice single-crystal observations (Sei et al, 2002). However, the cyroprotective mechanisms of the living cells by these cell-impermeable protectants are still under consideration.…”

Section: Crystallization and Materials Science Of Modern Artificial Asupporting

confidence: 89%

Freezing Properties of Disaccharide Solutions: Inhibition of Hexagonal Ice Crystal Growth and Formation of Cubic Ice

Uchida¹,

Takeya²,

Nagayama³

et al. 2012

Crystallization and Materials Science of Modern Artificial and Natural Crystals

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Section: Crystallization and Materials Science Of Modern Artificial Asupporting

confidence: 89%

Freezing Properties of Disaccharide Solutions: Inhibition of Hexagonal Ice Crystal Growth and Formation of Cubic Ice

Uchida¹,

Takeya²,

Nagayama³

et al. 2012

Crystallization and Materials Science of Modern Artificial and Natural Crystals

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“…On the other hand, the interaction between the sugar and water molecules has been investigated both by macroscopic observations (for example, [3][4][5] where the melting point of sugar solutions has been determined) and by microscopic observations (for example, [6][7][8][9] where the interaction has been measured via Raman or infra-red spectroscopy). Sei et al [4,5] found that the melting points of trehalose and sucrose solutions were lower than the molar freezing point depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sei et al [4,5] found that the melting points of trehalose and sucrose solutions were lower than the molar freezing point depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological investigations of disaccharide molecules for growth inhibition of ice crystals

Uchida

Nagayama

Shibayama

et al. 2007

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Freezing of solutions including disaccharides (trehalose, sucrose, and maltose) has been investigated by microscopic observations of freeze-fractured replicas using FE-TEM. Three typical features were observed: the smooth surface considered as the ice crystal, fine particles as the precipitated disaccharide molecules, and remaining part as the glass state of the solution. The expanded observations of fine-particle and its distribution investigations suggested that it was larger than 10 nm in size and averaged approximately 20-30 nm in diameter. The smallest particle was estimated to include several hundred disaccharide molecules.Based on systematic observations of trehalose solutions regarding concentrations and freezing rates, we concluded that ice crystal growth was inhibited by trehalose molecules. Since the ice crystal size reduced exponentially with increase in trehalose concentration, we could control ice crystal size formed in the frozen material. The growth inhibition of ice crystals with trehalose resulted both from a reduction in the free water in the solution due to a significant hydration effect and from an enhancement of nucleation of the ice crystals.It was confirmed that trehalose was more effective than the other disaccharide solutions examined for inhibiting the growth of ice crystals.

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“…Many optical microscopy studies have been carried out to date to observe the surface morphology of ice crystals, such as steps (11)(12)(13)(14)(15), height topography (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) and quasi-liquid layers (QLLs) (24,25), by ordinary bright-field microscopy (11,15,16), differential interference contrast microscopy (12-14, 17, 21-23, 25), two-beam interferometry (18)(19)(20), and laser reflection microscopy (24). However, none of these studies could prove, by their optical observations, that they could visualize individual elementary steps, mainly due to the small reflectivity (1.8%) of air-ice interfaces.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elementary steps at the surface of ice crystals visualized by advanced optical microscopy

Sazaki

Zepeda

Nakatsubo

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

110

154

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Due to the abundance of ice on earth, the phase transition of ice plays crucially important roles in various phenomena in nature. Hence, the molecular-level understanding of ice crystal surfaces holds the key to unlocking the secrets of a number of fields. In this study we demonstrate, by laser confocal microscopy combined with differential interference contrast microscopy, that elementary steps (the growing ends of ubiquitous molecular layers with the minimum height) of ice crystals and their dynamic behavior can be visualized directly at air-ice interfaces. We observed the appearance and lateral growth of two-dimensional islands on ice crystal surfaces. When the steps of neighboring two-dimensional islands coalesced, the contrast of the steps always disappeared completely. We were able to discount the occurrence of steps too small to detect directly because we never observed the associated phenomena that would indicate their presence. In addition, classical two-dimensional nucleation theory does not support the appearance of multilayered two-dimensional islands. Hence, we concluded that two-dimensional islands with elementary height (0.37 and 0.39 nm on basal and prism faces, respectively) were visualized by our optical microscopy. On basal and prism faces, we also observed the spiral growth steps generated by screw dislocations. The distance between adjacent spiral steps on a prism face was about 1∕20 of that on a basal face. Hence, the step ledge energy of a prism face was 1∕20 of that on a basal face, in accord with the known lowertemperature roughening transition of the prism face.in situ observation | monomolecular steps | two-dimensional nucleation growth | spiral growth I ce is one of the most abundant materials on earth, and its phase transition governs a wide variety of phenomena, such as weather, environment-related issues, life in a cryosphere, and cosmic evolution, etc. Hence the molecular-level understanding of ice crystal surfaces is crucially important. For example, ice crystal surfaces play a key role in heterogeneous physical/chemical reactions, such as the degradation of ozone and organic compounds adsorbed on ice crystal surfaces by UV light irradiation (1-4), the suppression of the growth of ice in living things by antifreeze proteins adsorbed on ice crystal surfaces (5-8), etc., as well as in the growth and sublimation/melting of ice crystals.A crystal bounded by flat crystal faces grows layer by layer (9, 10), utilizing laterally growing molecular layers that have the minimum height determined by the crystal structure. Hence, growing ends of such molecular layers, so-called "elementary steps," which ubiquitously exist on a crystal surface, play a key role during the physical/chemical reactions and the growth and sublimation/melting of ice crystals. Therefore to clarify such phenomena at the molecular level, first one has to observe elementary steps on ice crystal surfaces.Many optical microscopy studies have been carried out to date to observe the surface morphology of ice crystals, such ...

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Growth rate and morphology of ice crystals growing in a solution of trehalose and water

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

Freezing Properties of Disaccharide Solutions: Inhibition of Hexagonal Ice Crystal Growth and Formation of Cubic Ice

Freezing Properties of Disaccharide Solutions: Inhibition of Hexagonal Ice Crystal Growth and Formation of Cubic Ice

Morphological investigations of disaccharide molecules for growth inhibition of ice crystals

Elementary steps at the surface of ice crystals visualized by advanced optical microscopy

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