Growth promotion by H2O in organic solvent—selective isolation of a target polymorph

Wang, Jian; Loose, Christopher; Baxter, J. N.; Cai, D.; Wang, Yaling; Tom, Jean W.; Lepore, John

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.06.019

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It was determined that water exerts a significant impact on the course of solvothermal synthesis and even small amounts of H 2 O in organic solvents promote crystal growth [72]. However, papers of most scholars do not take into account the presence and changes in the concentration of water in the precursor despite the fact that water is supplied to the precursor in two ways: with a hydrated salt, for example, Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 ⋅2H 2 O, and together with an organic solvent wherein it occurs in trace quantities [67,68].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water Content in Ethylene Glycol Solvent on the Size of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared Using Microwave Solvothermal Synthesis

Wojnarowicz

Opalińska

Chudoba

et al. 2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were obtained by the microwave solvothermal synthesis (MSS) method. The precursor of the MSS reaction was a solution of hydrated zinc acetate in ethylene glycol with water addition. It was proved that by controlling the water concentration in the precursor it was possible to control the size of ZnO NPs in a programmed manner. The less the water content in the precursor, the smaller the size of ZnO NPs obtained. The obtained NPs with the average particle size ranging from 25 nm to 50 nm were characterised by homogeneous morphology and a narrow distribution of particle sizes. The following parameters of the obtained ZnO NPs were determined: pycnometric density, specific surface area, phase purity, chemical composition, lattice parameters, average particle size, and particle size distribution. The average size of ZnO NPs was determined using Scherrer’s formula, Nanopowder XRD Processor Demo web application, by converting the results of the specific surface area, and TEM tests using the dark field technique. ZnO morphology and structure were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The test performed by the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) confirmed that crystalline ZnO, pure in terms of phase, had been obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water Content in Ethylene Glycol Solvent on the Size of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared Using Microwave Solvothermal Synthesis

Wojnarowicz

Opalińska

Chudoba

et al. 2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Addition of water at concentrations as low as 4-5 g/l of organic solvent fastened the process and provided platy future science group Understanding pharmaceutical polymorphic transformations II Review crystals of form I instead of the regular needle type (form II), with high purity. It was proposed that water activated the crystal growth along the width of crystal by reducing the energy barrier for surface incorporation which might have been previously inhibited by the organic solvent due to strong solute-solvent interaction on that face [20]. Different crystal habits of trimethoprim belonging to the same polymorphic form were obtained depending on the type of co-solvent, ratio of co-solvent, temperature of co-solvent and cooling conditions.…”

Section: Solventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Pharmaceutical Polymorphic Transformations II: Crystallization Variables and Influence on Dosage Forms

et al. 2015

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Excipients or formulation variables have often been exploited to improve stability, modify release, or improve physicochemical properties of dosage forms. In pharmaceutical field, it is generally expected that excipients work at macromolecular level where they might influence the crystal structure of a solid. These polymers/colloidal particles may modify the rate and direction of crystal growth. It has also been observed, that different polymorphic crystals exhibit different colors on exposure to same colorant, predominantly due to difference in surface pH of different crystal lattices. Apart from physicochemical affect, crystal habit also influences pharmacokinetic parameters of the dosage form. Crystals with smaller size or lower lattice energy have shown to exhibit higher bioavailability with faster rate of release.

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“…To date, other than driving force, the solvent has only been investigated for its impact on morphology [4][5][6] and occasionally on polymorph formation. 7 Recently, some studies on calcium sulfate hydrates and the formation pathway to gypsum have raised some interesting questions about the role of water as solvent in many systems. [8][9][10] Thus, it is imperative that a more fundamental understanding of the solvent's role is undertaken if crystallization processes are to be predicted accurately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium sulfate crystallization in non-aqueous solvent

et al. 2021

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Growth promotion by H2O in organic solvent—selective isolation of a target polymorph

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of Water Content in Ethylene Glycol Solvent on the Size of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared Using Microwave Solvothermal Synthesis

Effect of Water Content in Ethylene Glycol Solvent on the Size of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared Using Microwave Solvothermal Synthesis

Understanding Pharmaceutical Polymorphic Transformations II: Crystallization Variables and Influence on Dosage Forms

Barium sulfate crystallization in non-aqueous solvent

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