Growth, Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Chinese Cabbage in Response to High Temperature

Abstract

In order to gain insight into the physiological responses of plants to high temperature stress, the effects of temperature on Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris subsp. napus var. pekinensis cv. Detong) were investigated through analyses of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence under 3 different temperatures in the temperature gradient tunnel. Growth (leaf length and number of leaves) during the rosette stage was greater at ambient + 4°C and ambient + 7°C temperatures than at ambient temperature. Photosynthetic CO2 fixation rates of Chinese cabbage grown under the different temperatures did not differ significantly. However, dark respiration rate was significantly higher in the cabbage that developed under ambient temperature relative to elevated temperature. Furthermore, elevated growth temperature increased transpiration rate and stomatal conductance resulting in an overall decrease of water use efficiency. The chlorophyll a fluorescence transient was also considerably affected by high temperature stress; the fluorescence yield FJ, FI, and FP decreased considerably at ambient + 4°C and ambient + 7°C temperatures, with induction of FK and decrease of FV/FO. The values of RC/CS, ABS/CS, TRo/CS, and ETo/CS decreased considerably, while DIo/CS increased with increased growth temperature. The symptoms of soft-rot disease were observed in the inner part of the cabbage heads after 7, 9, and/or 10 weeks of cultivation at ambient + 4°C and ambient + 7°C temperatures, but not in the cabbage heads growing at ambient temperature. These results show that Chinese cabbage could be negatively affected by high temperature under a future climate change scenario. Therefore, to maintain the high productivity and quality of Chinese cabbage, it may be necessary to develop new high temperature tolerant cultivars or to markedly improve cropping systems. In addition, it would be possible to use the non-invasive fluorescence parameters FO, FV/FM, and FV/FO, as well as FK, MO, SM, RC/CS, ETo/CS, PIabs, and SFIabs (which were selected in this study), to quantitatively determine the physiological status of plants in response to high temperature stresses.Additional key words: chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, dark respiration rate, fluorescence parameters, high temperature stress, photosynthetic CO2 fixation rate, water use efficiency

Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Temperature Gradient Validation along a Greenhouse Temperature Gradient

“…It was followed by the Kimchi cabbage grown in zone A. The area with the lowest maximum photosynthetic rate was zone C. Previous research revealed that the maximum carboxylation rate, maximum rate of electron transport, and triose phosphate utilization rate of the higher temperature treatment plants were significantly lower than those of the control [7,8,22,26,29,31,32].…”

“…Carbon balance, partitioning dry matters, and photosynthetic acclimation in fruit-bearing grapevine, grown under simulated CC scenarios in GTG, were also studied [6]. Studies of vegetable crops found that growth, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence of Kimchi cabbage responds to high temperature [7,8]. Also, temperature gradient research reported that tomato crop growth and development responds to a vertical temperature gradient in a semi-closed greenhouse [9].…”

Effects of Different Day / Night Temperature Regimes on Growth and Clove Development in Cool-type Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

“…그리고, 챔버 내 토양의 평균온도는 각각 9.7,10.9,14.3,16.2,19.4,22.8°C로 and Suh, 2009). 또한, 해발 1,000m 이상의 고산에 분포하는 산마늘(A. microdictyon)에서도 25°C 이상의 고 온에서 재배하였을 때 생육이 저해되는 것으로 알려졌다 (Lee et al, 2012) Oh et al, 2014;Strasser and Strasser, 1995). 본 연구에서 광계II의 최대 광화학적 효율(Fv/Fm)과 잠재적 광합성능(Fv/Fo)은 14/10 20/15°C 범 위에서 가장 높았으며, 그 이상 또는 이하의 온도에서는 감소하였다 (Fig.…”

“…이상의 온도에서는 불활성상태의 반응중심이 증가하고 광계II의 반응중심이 손상되고 있음을 나타낸다 (Oh et al, 2014). 한지 형 잔디인 켄터키 블루그래스(Poa pratensis L.)에서도 생육적온(20/15°C, 주간/야간)과는 달리 고온(35/30°C, 주간/야간)에 노출되었을 때 Fv/Fm 값이 감소하고 품질이 저하되었으며 (Du et al, 2013), 마늘의 초기 생장에 있어서도 20°C 이상의 온도에 서 이들 형광변수들이 크게 감소할 뿐만 아니라 고온 스트레스의 영향을 받는 것으로 보고된 바 있다 (Oh et al, 2015).…”

Assessment of High Temperature Impacts on Early Growth of Garlic Plant (Allium sativum L.) through Monitoring of Photosystem II Activities

“…레스 분석을 위한 지표로 사용되고 있다 (Ball et al, 1994;Oh et al, 2014;Strasser and Strasser, 1995). 특히, 식물의 잎에 빛을 조사하여 방출되는 형광의 시간대별 밀도를 나타 내는 OKJIP 곡선(OKJIP transient curve)의 분석으로 광계II 에서의 에너지 흐름의 변화와 전자수용체의 환원 등 다양한 정보를 정량적으로 얻을 수 있다 (Strasser et al, 2000).…”