Growth, perfection, and mechanical properties of C60 single crystals

Tachibana, Masaru; Michiyama, M.; Sakuma, H.; Kikuchi, Kôichi; Achiba, Yohji; Kojima, K.

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(95)00491-2

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…10,11 The high quality of the grown crystals with face-centered-cubic structure has been confirmed by X-ray topography and by an etching method. 10,11 To avoid the effect of light on the crystals before the measurements of the hardness, the crystals were kept in the vacuum in the dark.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Photo-illumination hardening of C60 crystals

Tachibana

Sakuma

Kojima

1997

Journal of Applied Physics

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The effect of light on the hardness of C 60 crystals was investigated. The hardness increased after the crystals were illuminated with white light. Such a photo-illumination hardening was effective in a temperature range of 298-380 K. The photopolymerized C 60 molecules near the crystal surface were responsible for the hardening. The anomalous temperature dependence of the hardness at temperatures higher than 300 K, which we previously have observed, is explained as due to the photo-illumination hardening.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Photo-illumination hardening of C60 crystals

Tachibana

Sakuma

Kojima

1997

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…T-HEWL crystals (P4 3 2 1 2, a = b = 7.91 nm, c = 3.79 nm, Z = 8) were grown by means of a salt-concentration gradient method at 296 K in test tubes held vertically and using NiCl 2 as a precipitant [48]. Large crystals up to a size of 5 mm were grown over two weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microindentation Hardness of Protein Crystals under Controlled Relative Humidity

et al. 2017

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Vickers microindentation hardness of protein crystals was investigated on the (110) habit plane of tetragonal hen egg-white lysozyme crystals containing intracrystalline water at controlled relative humidity. The time evolution of the hardness of the crystals exposed to air with different humidities exhibits three stages such as the incubation, transition, and saturation stages. The hardness in the incubation stage keeps a constant value of 16 MPa, which is independent of the humidity. The incubation hardness can correspond to the intrinsic one in the wet condition. The increase of the hardness in the transition and saturation stages is well fitted with the single exponential curve, and is correlated with the reduction of water content in the crystal by the evaporation. The saturated maximum hardness also strongly depends on the water content equilibrated with the humidity. The slip traces corresponding to the 110 [110] slip system around the indentation marks are observed in not only incubation but also saturation stages. It is suggested that the plastic deformation in protein crystals by the indentation can be attributed to dislocation multiplication and motion inducing the slip. The indentation hardness in protein crystals is discussed in light of dislocation mechanism with Peierls stress and intracrystalline water.

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“…Tetragonal HEWL crystals (P4 3 2 1 2, a = b = 7.91 nm, c = 3.79 nm, Z = 8) were grown using a salt-concentration gradient method at 296 K in test tubes held vertically and using NiCl 2 as a precipitant. 29 Large crystals of up to 2 mm were grown after 2 weeks. Almost all of the crystals had growth habit planes such as {110} and {101}.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion Coefficient of Intracrystalline Water in Intrinsic Hen Egg-White Lysozyme Crystals Determined by Confocal Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2022

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Protein crystals composed of protein molecules are expected as a novel porous material. They have high porosity, and the knowledge of the diffusion of intracrystalline water is important. In this study, the diffusion coefficient of intracrystalline water in intrinsic hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) crystals was determined by a method that combines confocal Raman spectroscopy and air convection with controlled relative humidity. Similar to common porous materials, the drying process of the protein crystals includes three periods: constant-rate drying, falling-rate drying, and equilibrium state. During the falling-rate drying period, the drying rate depends on the diffusion of intracrystalline water in the protein crystal. The gradient of the water content was measured using confocal Raman spectroscopy. The diffusion coefficient of the intrinsic HEWL crystals was determined as 3.1 × 10 −7 cm 2 /s with a water content of 36.3 vol %. The estimated diffusion coefficients of the intrinsic HEWL crystals without cross-linking were in close agreement with those of the cross-linked protein crystals. This study is timely as the knowledge of the intrinsic diffusion coefficient is useful not only for understanding the mechanism of hydration of proteins but also in practical applications such as porous materials, drug binding, and cryoprotectant soaks.

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Growth, perfection, and mechanical properties of C60 single crystals

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Photo-illumination hardening of C60 crystals

Photo-illumination hardening of C60 crystals

Microindentation Hardness of Protein Crystals under Controlled Relative Humidity

Diffusion Coefficient of Intracrystalline Water in Intrinsic Hen Egg-White Lysozyme Crystals Determined by Confocal Raman Spectroscopy

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