Growth patterns in the modern human skeleton

Humphrey, Louise

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199801)105:1<57::aid-ajpa6>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 208 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…As we say in the study of the ischium [2], the age that growth stature ceased was fixed for practical reasons [16,34] and shows the end of most notable growth, certain segments continue growing [22]. These results agree with the opinion that the innominate ceases its growth later than the long bones [35,36].…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fsupporting

confidence: 67%

Pubis growth study: Applicability in sexual and age diagnostic

Rissech

Malgosa

2007

Forensic Science International

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The growth of five variables of the ischiopubic area was analyzed from bone material from birth to old age. The main purpose was to evaluate its significance and capacity for age and sex determination during and after growth. The material used consisted of 327 specimens from four documented Western European collections. Growth curves were calculated by polynomial regression for two classical variables of the ischiopubic area (pubis length and ischiopubic index) and three new variables of the pubic acetabular area (horizontal and vertical diameter of the pubic acetabular area and the pubic acetabular index).None of the curves showed lineal growth, with the exception of the ischiopubic index and the masculine vertical diameter of the pubis acetabular area. Pubis length has the most complicated growth, expressed by a five-degree polynomial. All the variables are useful for adult sex determination, except the pubic acetabular index. The ischopubic index, vertical diameter of the pubic acetabular area and the pubic acetabular index seem to be good variables for sub-adult sex determination. For age estimation the best variables, in both archaeological and forensic remains, are the absolute measurements (pubic length, vertical and horizontal diameter of the pubis). However, pubis length is the best variable for age estimation because it can be applied until 25 years of age. #

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Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fsupporting

confidence: 67%

Pubis growth study: Applicability in sexual and age diagnostic

Rissech

Malgosa

2007

Forensic Science International

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“…In this sense, the three cranial components differ in their embryological origin, mode of ossification and pattern of growth (Morriss-Kay, 2001;McBratney-Owen et al, 2008). Particularly, the cranial base follows a growth pattern characterized by a rapid early size increase, whereas the facial skeleton follows the general pattern of somatic growth and attains its final size at an older age (Humphrey, 1998;Scheuer and Black, 2000;Sperber, 2001). The differences in timing among the modules can explain the discrepancies in the strength of the ontogentic allometric pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic Allometry and Cranial Shape Diversification Among Human Populations From South America

González

Pérez

Bernal

2011

The Anatomical Record

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Modifications of ontogenetic allometries play an important role in patterning the shape differentiation among populations. This study evaluates the influence of size variation on craniofacial shape disparity among human populations from South America and assesses whether the morphological disparity observed at the interpopulation level resulted from a variable extension of the same ontogenetic allometry, or whether it arose as a result of divergences in the pattern of size-related shape changes. The size and shape of 282 adult and subadult crania were described by geometric morphometric-based techniques. Multivariate regressions were used to evaluate the influence of size on shape differentiation between and within populations, and phylogenetic comparative methods were used to take into account the shared evolutionary history among populations. The phylogenetic generalized least-squares models showed that size accounts for a significant amount of shape variation among populations for the vault and face but not for the base, suggesting that the three modules did not exhibit a uniform response to changes in overall growth. The common slope test indicated that patterns of evolutionary and ontogenetic allometry for the vault and face were similar and characterized by a heightening of the face and a lengthening of the vault with increasing size. The conservation of the same pattern of shape changes with size suggests that differences in the extent of growth contributed to the interpopulation cranial shape variation and that certain directions of morphological change were favored by the trait covariation along ontogeny. Anat Rec, 294:1864Rec, 294: -1874Rec, 294: , 2011. V V C 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…Malnutrition and illness can delay the physical onset of puberty, 51,55,56 which may result in persons appearing younger than they are based on pubertal development, thus resulting in an underestimation of actual chronological age. Conversely, the average age of the onset of puberty in females from the Indian subcontinent has been shown to occur slightly earlier (by 0.2-0.8 years compared to Caucasian females); 57,58 this would result in the overestimation of chronological age of the Indian children if they were assessed according to Caucasian developmental norms.…”

Section: Psychological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic age estimation in living individuals: methodological considerations in the context of medico-legal practice

Franklin¹,

Flavel²,

Noble³

et al. 2015

RRFMS

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Abstract:The reconciliation of skeletal and chronological age is of paramount concern in the context of criminal proceedings involving living individuals, who frequently lack any associated identification documentation, and are referred to the criminal justice system. It is important to appreciate that skeletal and chronological ages are not the same measurement of time-since-birth, and depending on the analytical approaches applied, there will be an inherent source of variation between estimated (biological: skeletal, physical, and psychological) and actual (legal) age. Given the evidentiary value attached to the estimation of age based on the subjective assessment of biological and psychological developmental attributes, it is timely to consider current approaches toward achieving the latter. The aim of this review is to first explore a selection of circumstances that result in requests for forensic age assessment in living individuals. Issues pertaining to competency to perform an assessment, sources of error that may be introduced, and how to accordingly quantify the level of uncertainty in the final estimation are then considered. This logically leads into discussions of the necessity for population-specific statistical biological data. Current methods based on psychological development, dental status, and skeletal maturation are then reviewed. The review concludes by exploring future research and practical directions in the context of medico-legal practice and social consequences.

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Growth patterns in the modern human skeleton

Cited by 208 publications

References 12 publications

Pubis growth study: Applicability in sexual and age diagnostic

Pubis growth study: Applicability in sexual and age diagnostic

Ontogenetic Allometry and Cranial Shape Diversification Among Human Populations From South America

Forensic age estimation in living individuals: methodological considerations in the context of medico-legal practice

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