Growth pattern from birth to adulthood in African pygmies of known age

Rozzi, Fernando Ramírez; Koudou, Yves Akoli; Froment, Alain; Bouc, Yves Le; Botton, Jérémie

doi:10.1038/ncomms8672

Cited by 44 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Adult height (average for males = 153.5 cm, average for females = 146.7 cm) is attained at 20 and 18 years respectively. LHV in the Baka (median age at menarche age at first pregnancy, interbirth interval) do not differ from those in standard populations16.…”

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confidence: 68%

“…Recently, based on the most extensive study on pygmies to date, we suggested that the pygmy phenotype in the Baka from south-eastern Cameroon results from changes in growth during earliest infancy, and therefore that the pygmy phenotype results from a low growth rate during the first 2 years of life, which produces a lasting delay in overall growth compared with standard ref. 16. Adult height (average for males = 153.5 cm, average for females = 146.7 cm) is attained at 20 and 18 years respectively.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Diversity in tooth eruption and life history in humans: illustration from a Pygmy population

Rozzi

2016

Sci Rep

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Life history variables (LHV) in primates are closely correlated with the ages of tooth eruption, which are a useful proxy to predict growth and development in extant and extinct species. However, it is not known how tooth eruption ages interact with LHV in polymorphic species such as modern humans. African pygmies are at the one extreme in the range of human size variation. LHV in the Baka pygmies are similar to those in standard populations. We would therefore expect tooth eruption ages to be similar also. This mixed (longitudinal and cross-sectional) study of tooth eruption in Baka individuals of known age reveals that eruption in all tooth classes occurs earlier than in any other human population. Earlier tooth eruption can be related to the particular somatic growth in the Baka but cannot be correlated with LHV. The link between LHV and tooth eruption seems disrupted in H. sapiens, allowing adaptive variations in tooth eruption in response to different environmental constraints while maintaining the unique human life cycle.

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confidence: 68%

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confidence: 98%

Diversity in tooth eruption and life history in humans: illustration from a Pygmy population

Rozzi

2016

Sci Rep

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“…The competing explanations or adaptive foundations for size reduction ('dwarfing') in modern pygmies include thermoregulation, nutrition/diet, locomotion in closed habitats and life-history trade-offs related to early sexual maturation in high mortality environments [31,75]. Each of these explanations has shortcomings or limitations [76], but it seems clear now that the pygmy phenotype has evolved convergently in Africa, Asia and Melanesia [75,77]. Regardless of the adaptive (or not) basis of body size reduction in human pygmies, these dwarfing explanations may not apply to early hominins if small body size is the primitive condition [75].…”

Section: Size and Limb Proportionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of body size and shape in the human career

Jungers

Grabowski

Hatala

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 17 to a discussion meeting issue 'Major transitions in human evolution'. Body size is a fundamental biological property of organisms, and documenting body size variation in hominin evolution is an important goal of palaeoanthropology. Estimating body mass appears deceptively simple but is laden with theoretical and pragmatic assumptions about best predictors and the most appropriate reference samples. Modern human training samples with known masses are arguably the 'best' for estimating size in early bipedal hominins such as the australopiths and all members of the genus Homo, but it is not clear if they are the most appropriate priors for reconstructing the size of the earliest putative hominins such as Orrorin and Ardipithecus. The trajectory of body size evolution in the early part of the human career is reviewed here and found to be complex and nonlinear. Australopith body size varies enormously across both space and time. The pre-erectus early Homo fossil record from Africa is poor and dominated by relatively small-bodied individuals, implying that the emergence of the genus Homo is probably not linked to an increase in body size or unprecedented increases in size variation. Body size differences alone cannot explain the observed variation in hominin body shape, especially when examined in the context of small fossil hominins and pygmy modern humans.This article is part of the themed issue 'Major transitions in human evolution'.

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“…Draper and Howell, 2005; Foster et al, 2005; Walker et al, 2006; Rozzi et al, 2015; Urlacher et al, 2016) detailed descriptions from large samples with accurate ages are rare and few growth references derived specifically for indigenous populations are available. Given the high degree of individual variability in growth, conclusions about growth based on small samples are often problematic or inconclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth references for Tsimane forager‐horticulturalists of the Bolivian Amazon

Blackwell

Urlacher

Beheim

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives Growth standards and references currently used to assess population and individual health are derived primarily from urban populations, including few individuals from indigenous or subsistence groups. Given environmental and genetic differences, growth may vary in these populations. Thus, there is a need to assess whether international standards are appropriate for all populations, and to produce population specific references if growth differs. Here we present and assess growth references for the Tsimane, an indigenous population of Bolivian forager-horticulturalists. Methods Mixed cross-sectional/longitudinal anthropometrics (9,614 individuals; 30,118 observations; ages 0–29 years) were used to generate centile curves and Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) tables for height-for-age, weight-for-age, body mass index (BMI)-for-age, and weight-for-height (WFH) using Generalized Additive Models for Location Shape and Scale (GAMLSS). Velocity curves were generated using SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Tsimane ≤5 years were compared World Health Organization (WHO) standards while those >5 years were compared to WHO school age references. All ages were compared to published references for Shuar forager-horticulturalists of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Results Tsimane growth differs from WHO values in height and weight, but is similar for BMI and WFH. Tsimane growth is characterized by slow height velocity in childhood and early adolescent peak height velocity at 11.3 and 13.2 years for girls and boys. Tsimane growth patterns are similar to Shuar, suggesting shared features of growth among indigenous South Americans. Conclusions International references for BMI-for-age and WFH are likely appropriate for Tsimane, but differences in height-for-age and weight-for-age suggest Tsimane specific references may be useful for these measures.

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Growth pattern from birth to adulthood in African pygmies of known age

Cited by 44 publications

References 43 publications

Diversity in tooth eruption and life history in humans: illustration from a Pygmy population

Diversity in tooth eruption and life history in humans: illustration from a Pygmy population

The evolution of body size and shape in the human career

Growth references for Tsimane forager‐horticulturalists of the Bolivian Amazon

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