Growth on nitrate and occurrence of nitrate reductase‐encoding genes in a phylogenetically diverse range of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Nygren, Cajsa M. R.; Eberhardt, Ursula; Karlsson, Magnus; Parrent, Jeri Lynn; Lindahl, Bjoern D.; Taylor, Andy F. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02618.x

Cited by 89 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(81 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Genomic DNA from C. rosea WT was extracted using a hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide-based protocol (Nygren et al, 2008). Approximately 1200 bp of 59 and 39 flanking regions of the chiC2 gene were amplified from genomic DNA by PCR using the primer sequences listed in Table S2, while the hygromycin-resistance gene (hygB) was amplified from the pCT74 vector (Lorang et al, 2001) as described previously (Dubey et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying glycoside hydrolase family 18 genes in the mycoparasitic fungal species Clonostachys rosea

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clonostachys rosea is a mycoparasitic fungal species that is an efficient biocontrol agent against many plant diseases. During mycoparasitic interactions, one of the most crucial steps is the hydrolysis of the prey's fungal cell wall, which mainly consists of glucans, glycoproteins and chitin. Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes responsible for chitin degradation and it is suggested that they play an important role in fungal-fungal interactions. Fungal chitinases belong exclusively to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 18.These GH18 proteins are categorized into three distinct phylogenetic groups (A, B and C), subdivided into several subgroups. In this study, we identified 14 GH18 genes in the C. rosea genome, which is remarkably low compared with the high numbers found in mycoparasitic Trichoderma species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that C. rosea contains eight genes in group A, two genes in group B, two genes in group C, one gene encoding a putative ENGase (endo-b-N-acetylglucosaminidase) and the ech37 gene, which is of bacterial origin. Gene expression analysis showed that only two genes had higher transcription levels during fungal-fungal interactions, while eight out of 14 GH18 genes were triggered by chitin. Furthermore, deletion of the C group chiC2 gene decreased the growth inhibitory activity of C. rosea culture filtrates against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani, although the biocontrol ability of C. rosea against B. cinerea was not affected. In addition, a potential role of the CHIC2 chitinase in the sporulation process was revealed. These results provide new information about the role of GH18 proteins in mycoparasitic interactions.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying glycoside hydrolase family 18 genes in the mycoparasitic fungal species Clonostachys rosea

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This approach has also been used to screen for other enzymeencoding genes in a phylogenetically wider range of ectomycorrhizal fungi (Lindahl and Taylor, 2004;Nygren et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ClassII peroxidase-encoding genes are present in a phylogenetically wide range of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Bödeker

Nygren

Taylor³

et al. 2009

The ISME Journal

158

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fungal peroxidases (ClassII) have a key role in degrading recalcitrant polyphenolic compounds in boreal forest wood, litter and humus. To date, their occurrence and activity have mainly been studied in a small number of white-rot wood decomposers. However, peroxidase activity is commonly measured in boreal forest humus and mineral soils, in which ectomycorrhizal fungi predominate. Here, we used degenerate PCR primers to investigate whether peroxidase-encoding genes are present in the genomes of a wide phylogenetic range of ectomycorrhizal taxa. Cloning and sequencing of PCR products showed that ectomycorrhizal fungi from several different genera possess peroxidase genes. The new sequences represent four major homobasidiomycete lineages, but the majority is derived from Cortinarius, Russula and Lactarius. These genera are ecologically important, but consist mainly of non-culturable species from which little ecophysiological information is available. The amplified sequences contain conserved active sites, both for folding and substrate oxidation. In some Cortinarius spp., there is evidence for gene duplications during the evolution of the genus. ClassII peroxidases seem to be an ancient and a common feature of most homobasidiomycetes, including ectomycorrhizal fungi. Production of extracellular peroxidases may provide ectomycorrhizal fungi with access to nitrogen sequestered in complex polyphenolic sources.

show abstract

“…1) and in the field (Clemmensen et al 2008). In pure culture, Nygren et al (2008) demonstrated wide variation among 68 species of ECM fungi in their mycelial growth with nitrate as the sole N source. While results of culture studies must be used with caution because they may not reflect N preferences of ECM fungi when growing in symbiosis with trees (Turnbull et al 1995), Hobbie et al (2008) also demonstrated higher nitrate uptake and greater inferred transfer of N from fungus to plant by Laccaria laccata (Scop.)…”

Section: Ecm Fungal Species Differ In N Form Preference and Uptakementioning

confidence: 98%

Ectomycorrhizae and tree seedling nitrogen nutrition in forest restoration

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In natural environments, tree roots are almost always in intimate, symbiotic association with particular species of fungi through the formation of mycorrhizae. Most mycorrhizal fungi provide soil resources, particularly nitrogen (N), phosphorus and/or water to the tree, and can increase the abiotic and biotic stress resistance of their hosts. The fungi benefit by receiving fixed carbon from the tree. The association is of particular benefit on harsh or degraded sites. This review surveys recent literature on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations of temperate and boreal forest trees as it relates to N-nutrition and restoration of forests on sites where native mycorrhizal communities have been altered or depleted. Part I emphasizes the ECM fungal partners. Changes in ECM communities through primary and secondary succession are reviewed and related to the influence of N availability. The effect of N-related functional traits of ECM fungi on their distribution is discussed. Part II focuses on the ECM plant partners. The influence of ECM fungi on plant N uptake, and effects of N deposition and fertilization are presented. The benefit of ECM inoculation under different disturbance regimes and the benefit of greater ECM diversity are reviewed. Variations among and within tree and ECM fungal species in the forms of N taken up and utilized are highlighted. Conclusions include recommendations for including ECM fungi in forest restoration projects.

show abstract

Growth on nitrate and occurrence of nitrate reductase‐encoding genes in a phylogenetically diverse range of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Cited by 89 publications

References 67 publications

Identifying glycoside hydrolase family 18 genes in the mycoparasitic fungal species Clonostachys rosea

Identifying glycoside hydrolase family 18 genes in the mycoparasitic fungal species Clonostachys rosea

ClassII peroxidase-encoding genes are present in a phylogenetically wide range of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Ectomycorrhizae and tree seedling nitrogen nutrition in forest restoration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About