“…However, in contrast to the success in studying polycrystalline electroceramics [26][27][28], there are limitations of BLM to extract reliable information about electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity due to GB in very thin films. The Sm substitution effects on the dielectric permittivity, remnant polarization, leakage current, domain structure, local switching, microscopic approaches, and other physical properties of BSFO ceramics [29][30][31], nanoparticles [13], and thin films [32] have been reported in the literature. Although these results, it lacks a systematic study using the BLM to fit experimental data and extract useful information on the physical properties of BSFO thin films.…”