Growth of potassium sodium niobate single crystals by solid state crystal growth

Fisher, John G.; Benčan, Andreja; Holc, Janez; Kosec, Marija; Vernay, Sophie; Rytz, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.01.011

Cited by 75 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…18) KCN has a relative low melting point (1050°C), so liquid phase will emerge during the sintering process. Because a little KNN will dissolve in the liquid phase, 12) Na can also be detected, as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seeds and sintering additives on (K,Na,Li)NbO<sub>3</sub> lead-free single crystals grown by a solid-state crystal growth method

Yang

et al. 2016

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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A solid-state crystal growth (SSCG) method has been utilized to prepare (K 0.45 Na 0.55 ) 0.94 Li 0.06 NbO 3 (KNLN) lead-free piezoelectric single crystals. The effects of different kinds of seeds and additives on K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN)-based crystal growth were studied. It was found that ©100ª-oriented SrTiO 3 seed was inappropriate for growing KNLN single crystal, while ©100ª-oriented KTaO 3 one could act as a good seed. The inverse pole figure (IPF) showed that the epitaxial layer was indeed single crystal and oriented in the same ©100ª direction as the seed. Addition of 0.5 mol % ZnO, CuO and MnO 2 brought liquid phase in the samples and increased the diffusion rate of the atoms. This would finally enhance both the single crystal and the matrix grain growth. Among all the sintering additives, CuO could increase the matrix grain growth remarkably due to the assistance of the largest amount of the Na-deficient liquid phase, whose composition was time-independent. However, CuO was not the most effective one that can promote the single crystal growth. The reasons might be as follows: (1) the liquid accumulation at the interface of the single crystal/matrix lead to the liquid phase content exceeding the critical value in the CuO-added samples, which increased the diffusion distance and partly offset the enhanced diffusion rate; (2) the large matrix grains brought low driving force for crystal growth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seeds and sintering additives on (K,Na,Li)NbO<sub>3</sub> lead-free single crystals grown by a solid-state crystal growth method

Yang

et al. 2016

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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“…A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph of a vertically-sectioned, polished and thermally etched sample is shown in Fig. 3 (Fisher et al, 2007a). The inset shows the boundary between the single crystal and the matrix.…”

Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sintering temperature can therefore be reduced, allowing the matrix to be densified without much grain growth or single crystal growth. Growing the single crystal in an already dense matrix increases the density of the crystal (Fisher et al, 2007a). Secondly, during the second stage (1100°C/50 MPa for 100 h), the K 4 CuNb 8 O 23 liquid phase sintering aid melts and penetrates the grain boundaries, leaving behind pores which must be eliminated.…”

Section: Growth and Characterization Of Single Crystals Of Potassium mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Characterization of Single Crystals of Potassium Sodium Niobate by Solid State Crystal Growth

Benčan¹,

Tchernychova²,

Kosec³

et al. 2011

Ferroelectrics - Material Aspects

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“…In this respect, recent advancements on synthesis of good quality Pb-free piezoelectric single crystals of complex compositions with high functional properties is an exciting development. Notable mentions in this category include crystals of Li-doped potassium sodium niobate using the Bridgman method [24], (1−x)BaTiO3−xCaTiO3 using floating zone technique [25], (Ba(1−x),Cax)(Ti(1−y)Zry)O3 by Chochralski method [26], (Ba(1−x),Cax)(Ti(1−y)Zry)O3 by the flux-method [27], (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3 and (K,Na)(Nb,Ta)O3 using the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method [23,[28][29][30], and (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3-and (K,Na)(Nb)O3-based crystals using the seed-free solid state crystal growth technique [31][32][33]. The developments with regard to solid state crystal growth are particularly noteworthy, since they provide a cheaper alternative to growing crystals from melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Pb-Free KNbO3- and (Na,Bi)TiO3-Based Piezoelectric Single-Crystals Using X-ray and Neutron Diffraction

Pramanick

2018

Crystals

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Abstract:In view of serious environmental concerns with traditional Pb-based piezoelectrics, the search for new Pb-free alternatives has intensified recently. A thorough investigation of structure-property relationships in Pb-free piezoelectrics is desired in order to design new material compositions with high electromechanical properties that can be operated over a broader range of conditions. Recent availability of high-quality single crystals has not only opened the possibility for achieving multifold enhancements in the electromechanical properties in this new class of materials, but has also provided opportunities to undertake fundamental studies on their structure-property relationships. In the following pages, I review some of the recent X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of Pb-free piezoelectric single crystals, which have provided novel insights into their multiscale stimuli-induced structural mechanisms, including phase transitions, nanoscale structural ordering, lattice instability, and domain re-orientation. Opportunities and challenges for future progress in this area of study are discussed.

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Growth of potassium sodium niobate single crystals by solid state crystal growth

Cited by 75 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of seeds and sintering additives on (K,Na,Li)NbO<sub>3</sub> lead-free single crystals grown by a solid-state crystal growth method

Effect of seeds and sintering additives on (K,Na,Li)NbO<sub>3</sub> lead-free single crystals grown by a solid-state crystal growth method

Growth and Characterization of Single Crystals of Potassium Sodium Niobate by Solid State Crystal Growth

Characterization of Pb-Free KNbO3- and (Na,Bi)TiO3-Based Piezoelectric Single-Crystals Using X-ray and Neutron Diffraction

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