Growth of Poinsettias, Nutrient Leaching, and Water-use Efficiency Respond to Irrigation Methods

Dole, John M.; Cole, Janet C.; Broembsen, S. L. von

doi:10.21273/hortsci.29.8.858

Cited by 64 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…1). This supports previous reports that subirrigation reduces total water use compared with overhead irrigation with a 0.2 to 0.3 leaching fraction (Dole et al, 1994;Holcomb et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Differences in Bedding Plant Growth and Nitrate Loss with a Controlled-release Fertilizer and Two Irrigation Systems

Klock-Moore¹,

Broschat²

1999

horttech

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Growth of hand-watered and subirrigated 'Ultra Red' petunia (Petunia ×hybrida Hort.) and 'Super Elfin Violet' impatiens (Impatiens wallerana Hook.f.) plants were compared when grown using four controlled-release fertilizer rates and four fertilizer placements in the pot. Furthermore, the amount of NO 3 -N leached from hand-watered plants was compared to amount captured by subirrigation system. Before planting, Osmocote (14N-6.2P-11.6K) (4 month release) was either topdressed (TD), layered in the middle of the pot (M), layered at the bottom of the pot (B), or incorporated throughout (I) the substrate at 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 kg·m -3 (oz/ft 3 ). Shoot dry mass of petunia plants was similar between both irrigation systems and among the four fertilizer placements. Subirrigated petunias fertilized with 2.5 kg·m -3 had similar shoot dry mass as hand-watered petunias fertilized with 7.5 kg·m -3 . Hand-watered impatiens had greater shoot dry mass than subirrigated impatiens. Handwatered impatiens also had greater shoot dry mass in pots with fertilizer at TD, M, or I than with fertilizer at B, but no difference in growth was observed in subirrigated impatiens among the different fertilizer placements. Finally, significantly more NO 3 -N was leached from handwatered plants than was captured with the subirrigation systems.

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“…1). This supports previous reports that subirrigation reduces total water use compared with overhead irrigation with a 0.2 to 0.3 leaching fraction (Dole et al, 1994;Holcomb et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Differences in Bedding Plant Growth and Nitrate Loss with a Controlled-release Fertilizer and Two Irrigation Systems

Klock-Moore¹,

Broschat²

1999

horttech

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“…This represents the lower end of the optimum N application range of 7.5 to 30 mM determined for fertigation of peace lily by top watering with minimal leaching (Campos and Reed 1993). Reduced optimum N application rates under subirrigation have been reported for several species, including poinsettia (Dole et al, 1994) and Hedera helix (Holcomb et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Nutrition of New Guinea Impatiens `Barbados' and Spathiphyllum `Petite' in a Subirrigation System

Kent¹,

Reed²

1996

jashs

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into 10-cm-wide × 7-cm-tall (370-mL) azalea pots on 12 Dec. 1993. A total of 176 plants was used (22 plants/treatment). Soilless medium was the peat-perlite mix Sunshine no. 2 (Fison's Inc., Vancouver, B.C., Canada) with Micromax trace element mix (Grace-Sierra, Milpitas, Calif.) at the recommended rate of 1.059 kg·m -3 . Sunshine mix no. 2 was chosen because it is adjusted for pH but contains no preplant nutrient charge. Newly transplanted plants were top watered with reverse osmosis (RO)-purified water until initial subirrigation (4 d). Experiments were conducted in a glasshouse with an average noontime light intensity of 609 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 and average temperature of 26/17 °C day/night during the experimental period. Subirrigation began on 16 Dec. and was terminated on 3 Mar. 1994 (day 77). Eight 100 × 110-cm subirrigation trays (Midwest Growmaster, St. Charles, Ill.) were supplied with irrigation solution through a drain valve by a 1/200 HP pump (Little Giant no. 1AA; Oklahoma City, Okla.) under manual control. Trays were arranged on two benches in groups of four. Tensiometers (model M; Irrometer Co., Riverside, Calif.) were placed into one pot (with plant) for each treatment. These plants were not considered for experimental results. In an initial calibration period of 1 week, plants were subirrigated when the surface of the medium began to dry, and tensiometer readings were noted. Subsequently, subirrigation was applied to individual treatments when tensiometer readings exceeded 25 kPa. Trays were flooded to a depth of 2 cm. Trays required 2 to 3 min to fill and 2 to 3 min to drain and were held flooded for a maximum of 10 min at each watering, or until the tensiometer reading returned to 0 kPa and the surface of the medium rewetted.Irrigation solutions were pH 6.3 and designed to give a final concentration of 1.5 mM P and 2.0 mM K, with one of the following concentrations of N: 0, 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, or 30 mM. Solutions consisted of 0.39 mM K 2 HPO 4 , 1.10 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 0.05 mM K 2 SO 4 , and 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7.5, 10, or 15 mM NH 4 NO 3 in RO-purified water. Samples of individual subirrigation solutions were taken at each watering for analysis of pH, EC, NH 4 , and NO 3 . When the liquid level in the reservoirs was too low to be pumped, the solutions were replenished. Samples of the subirrigation solutions were analyzed within 1 d (pH, EC) or held at -20 °C (NH 4 , NO 3 ). EC was measured with either a model 44600 conductivity/TDS meter Additional index words. ebb and flow irrigation, flood and drain irrigation, Impatiens ×hawkeri, peace lily, subsurface irrigation, water management, zero runoff Abstract. Greenhouse cultural methods must minimize runoff to keep pace with environmental regulation aimed at protecting water resources. Two experiments were designed to investigate the effect of N fertilization rate on New Guinea impatiens (Impatiens ×hawkeri) and peace lily (Spathiphyllum Schott) in an ebb-and-flow subirrigation system. Maximum growth response for impatiens was centered around 8 mM N levels a...

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“…But high Ca 2+ levels could affect plants if applied continuously, especially for plants grown in peat mixes, which accumulate salts with time (7,34). The calcium levels in water used for ornamentals are usually much lower than 20 meq; typically the Ca 2+ level is less that 2 meq, although 7 meq is not uncommon for hydroponically grown vegetables in which Ca(NO 3 ) 2 is used as a nitrogen source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Interference with Zoospore Biology and Infectivity of Phytophthora parasitica in Nutrient Irrigation Solutions

Broembsen¹,

Deacon²

1997

Phytopathology®

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von Broembsen, S. L., and Deacon, J. W. 1997. Calcium interference with zoospore biology and infectivity of Phytophthora parasitica in nutrient irrigation solutions. Phytopathology 87:522-528.Calcium, applied as either CaCl 2 or Ca(NO 3 ) 2 to water or calcium-free soluble fertilizer solution (Peters 20-10-20 Peat Lite Special), affected several important stages of Phytophthora parasitica zoospore behavior relevant to infection and disease spread. Release of zoospores from sporangia was suppressed by Ca 2+ concentrations in the range of 10 to 50 meq. These concentrations also curtailed zoospore motility; 20 meq of Ca 2+ in fertilizer solution caused all zoospores to encyst within 4 h, whereas 94% of zoospores remained motile in unamended solution. In addition, Ca 2+ in the range of 10 to 30 meq stimulated zoospore cysts to germinate in the absence of an organic nutrient trigger, while suppressing

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Growth of Poinsettias, Nutrient Leaching, and Water-use Efficiency Respond to Irrigation Methods

Cited by 64 publications

References 8 publications

Differences in Bedding Plant Growth and Nitrate Loss with a Controlled-release Fertilizer and Two Irrigation Systems

Differences in Bedding Plant Growth and Nitrate Loss with a Controlled-release Fertilizer and Two Irrigation Systems

Nitrogen Nutrition of New Guinea Impatiens `Barbados' and Spathiphyllum `Petite' in a Subirrigation System

Calcium Interference with Zoospore Biology and Infectivity of Phytophthora parasitica in Nutrient Irrigation Solutions

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