Growth of pediatric intensive care units in the United States from 1995 to 2001

Randolph, Adrienne G.; Gonzales, Calle A.; Cortellini, Lynelle; Yeh, Timothy S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.019

Cited by 94 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…P ICUs FOR CRITICALLY ill and injured children are expanding in number and size. 1 A 1998 estimate that 200 children per 100 000 in a population will require intensive care annually 2 is probably conservative. Pediatric critical care services support children admitted with life-threatening medical conditions, as well as postoperatively after cardiovascular, orthopedic, neurosurgical, microvascular, plastic, and reconstructive procedures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Pediatric Critical Illness and Injury on Families: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2006

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OBJECTIVE. We sought to inform decision-making for children and families by describing what is known and remains unknown about the impact of childhood critical illness and injury on families. This report also was designed as a tool for research planning and design so that meaningful studies are performed and duplication is avoided.DESIGN. After a national scholarship competition and the identification of 3 medical student summer scholars, a literature search was conducted by using the National Library of Medicine and a PubMed keyword search system at the National Institutes of Health.RESULTS. A total of 115 reports were reviewed and assigned to the 5 following categories characterizing the impact of pediatric critical illness/injury on families: stressors, needs, specific domains (psychological, physical, social), coping, and interventions. The reports reviewed indicate that pediatric critical illness and injury is stressful for the entire family. The effects on parents, siblings, and marital cohesion were variably described. Needs of family members (eg, rest, nutrition, communication) were identified as being unmet in many studies. Permanent impact on siblings and marital relationships has been considered detrimental, but these conclusions are not adequately quantified in presently available studies. Reviewed reports minimally investigated cultural diversity, effects on fathers versus mothers, siblings, socioeconomic status, and financial burden. Studies were often anecdotal and included small sample sizes. Methodologic limitations were numerous and varied and seriously narrowed the significance of the studies we reviewed. The reports that we evaluated were largely limited to those of Englishspeaking families, white people, and married mothers.CONCLUSIONS. Future research should use more rigorous methods in the measurement of impact of childhood critical illness and injury on families. Families of critically ill and injured children would benefit from the practitioners of pediatric critical care acquiring enhanced knowledge and sensitivity about famliy communication and dynamics.www.pediatrics.org/cgi

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Pediatric Critical Illness and Injury on Families: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2006

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“…We excluded NICUs. Of note, certain hospitals listed in the AHA annual survey as having PICU facilities did not in fact have such facilities when they were contacted by the authors, and this is one of the reasons why the study sample differed from that in a recent study by Randolph et al 2 …”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 89%

“…2 A concurrent study of data based on the annual American Hospital Association (AHA) survey illustrated that PICU facilities were available in only 9% of US counties, predominantly in urban areas. 3 Uneven distribution of PICU resources despite an apparent increase in the overall supply over time raises questions about access to timely appropriate care for critically ill and injured children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A National Survey of Pediatric Critical Care Resources in the United States

Odetola¹,

Clark²,

Freed³

et al. 2005

Pediatrics

113

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A recently published analysis of pediatric critical care resources through 2001 found that the number of PICU beds in the United States has increased since 1995, beyond what would be expected on the basis of population growth. 2 A concurrent study of data based on the annual American Hospital Association (AHA) survey illustrated that PICU facilities were available in only 9% of US counties, predominantly in urban areas. 3 Uneven distribution of PICU resources despite an apparent increase in the overall supply over time raises questions about access to timely appropriate care for critically ill and injured children.To facilitate characterization of US PICUs, 2 levels of PICU care have been defined. Critically ill children who require services not available or infrequently used in level II PICUs are referred to level I PICUs, with higher levels of subspecialist and technologic support. 4 Delineation of the available resources for the care of critically ill and injured children is a first step in evaluating the adequacy and efficiency of PICU care. This study was conducted to describe the availability and characteristics of facilities for critically ill and injured children across the United States in 2004.

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“…Knowledge and understanding of current situation of PICUs is the first step for future planning, development, or expansion of PICUs in any country. Survey reports regarding the PICU structure, staffing, and characteristics are available from countries like USA [4], Spain [2], and Turkey [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A National Survey of Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Pakistan

Haque

Ladak

Hamid³

et al. 2014

Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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.Purpose. To describe the structure, staffing resources, equipment, academic activities, and characteristics of pediatric population of pediatric intensive care units across the country. Material & Method. This was a prospective, descriptive, and observational survey of pediatric intensive care units from January to December 2009 across Pakistan. A questionnaire survey was emailed to director of each unit. Results. 16 PICUs were participated in this survey (100% response rate). A total of units with 155 beds were identified (1.1 bed /500,000 children). Regarding the categories, 12 (75%) were medical, 3 (19%) were pure cardiac intensive care units, and one unit (6%) was combined multidisciplinary cardiothoracic unit. 13 (81%) units were in public sector as compared to 3 (19%) were in private sector. The mean unit size was 9.7 (range 4-28) beds. Twelve (75%) units were located in three large cities. Only 3 (19%) units have trained intensivist. 37% (6/16) had nurse to patient ratio of 1 : 1-1 : 2 while others had ratios of 1 : 3-1 : 5 with all nurses specialized trained for pediatric intensive care units with bachelor degree or diploma in nursing. Only 50% had capacity for invasive monitoring. Conclusion. We found inadequacies in several aspects of PICUs in Pakistan including fewer PICUs, inadequate PICU beds, and lack of trained personal to look after critically ill pediatric population.

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Growth of pediatric intensive care units in the United States from 1995 to 2001

Cited by 94 publications

References 10 publications

Impact of Pediatric Critical Illness and Injury on Families: A Systematic Literature Review

Impact of Pediatric Critical Illness and Injury on Families: A Systematic Literature Review

A National Survey of Pediatric Critical Care Resources in the United States

A National Survey of Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Pakistan

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