Growth of Newly Established Tilia platyphyllos ‘Rubra’ Roadside Trees in Response to Weed Control and Pruning

Abstract

This tree establishment study investigates the effect of weed control and pruning treatments on stem and branch diameter increment of newly planted broad-leaved lime (Tilia platyphyllos ‘Rubra’) roadside trees. Weed control significantly increased stem circumference four years after establishment by 3.6 cm (1.4 in) from 24.5 cm (9.7 in, untreated control) to 28.1 cm (11.1 in). In terms of Danish nursery sales prices, this corresponds to an increase of tree cash value of 1201 DKK (160.90 €, 235.40 US$) per tree. Calculating with 400 DKK (53.60 €, 78.40 US$) as cost for contract weeding per hour, this corresponds to 0.75 hours per tree per year for a period of four years. In addition to weed control treatments, trees were pruned at establishment, two years after establishment, or at both times. None of the pruning treatments affected stem diameter growth, but branch diameter and branch:stem diameter ratio were significantly reduced by all pruning treatments. Branch diameter ranged from 40.1 mm (1.6 in) on unpruned trees to 34.6 mm (1.4 in on trees pruned both times. Branch:stem diameter ratio ranged from 0.54 on unpruned trees to 0.49 on trees pruned both times. In consequence, weed control is recommended as a strong management practice. Mild pruning is also considered advisable, if structural crown problems can be avoided at an early stage, and if the tree has to be prepared for later pruning operations.

Comparing the Structure, Function, Value, and Risk of Managed and Unmanaged Trees along Rights-of-Way and Streets in Massachusetts

“…More severe pruning of trees in utility plots, which was reflected in their smaller crown dimensions and greater percent crown missing, may have slowed diameter growth as previous studies have shown [36][37][38][39][40][41]. This was consistent with pruned trees in utility plots having smaller DBH and crown length, width, and volume than pruned trees in control plots.…”

“…Measures of tree size followed a somewhat unexpected pattern: they were greater for pruned trees, despite many previous studies that showed a decrease in tree growth following pruning [36][37][38][39] especially when pruning was more severe [40,41]. The greater size of pruned trees presumably reflected the greater likelihood of larger trees being pruned to reduce risk (for trees in control plots) and provide clearance from utility infrastructure (for trees in utility plots).…”