Growth of mature boreal Norway spruce was not affected by elevated [CO2] and/or air temperature unless nutrient availability was improved

Sigurðsson, Bjarni D.; Medhurst, Jane L.; Wallin, Göran; Eggertsson, Ólafur; Linder, Sune

doi:10.1093/treephys/tpt043

Cited by 126 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Due to interaction effects between temperature and SQ, the increase becomes more pronounced with increasing site quality. This results are congruent with Sigurdsson et al (2013), who found that the effect of temperature or CO 2 increases on mature Norway spruce in the boreal zone was not evident unless nutrient availability was improved. Our results are also consistent with Pretzsch et al's (2014) findings that growth acceleration, likely due to climate change, for Norway spruce since 1960 in Central Europe is stronger in more fertile sites.…”

Section: Spruce Dominatedsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…One should be careful when applying these models to already established stands, as the climate-growth response of the stands already established might depend on the provenance, age, and elevation of the trees, among other factors (Primicia et al 2015). Productivity might also be affected by other factors that might change with time and that are not considered here such as CO 2 , nitrogen deposition (Sigurdsson et al 2013), nutrient availability, and solar radiation.…”

Section: Spruce Dominatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate-sensitive site index models for Norway

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The present study aims to develop biologically sound and parsimonious site index models for Norway to predict changes in site index (SI) under different climatic conditions. The models are constructed using data from the Norwegian National Forest Inventory and climate data from the Norwegian meteorological institute. Site index was modeled using the potential modifier functional form, with a potential component (POT) depending on site quality classes and two modifier components (MOD): temperature and moisture. Each of these modifiers was based on a portfolio of candidate variables. The best model for spruce-dominated stands included temperature as modifier (R 2 = 0.56). In the case of pine-and deciduous-dominated stands, the best models included both modifiers (R 2 = 0.40 and 0.54 for temperature and moisture, respectively). We illustrate the use of the models by analyzing the possible shift in SI for year 2100 under one (RCP4.5) of the benchmark scenarios adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for its fifth assessment report. The models presented can be valuable for evaluating the effect of climate change scenarios in Norwegian forests.

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Section: Spruce Dominatedsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Spruce Dominatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-sensitive site index models for Norway

et al. 2016

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“…Thus, since 1900, forests in Sweden have seen important changes in forest structure and composition (Antonson and Jansson, 2011). For this purpose, we used a former application of the Budyko framework (Jaramillo andDestouni, 2014, 2015;van der Velde et al, 2014) to study movement of basins in the space comprising the aridity index and the evaporative ratio, known as the Budyko space. We separated the climatic effect on evapotranspiration that relates to changes in the aridity index from a residual effect that relates to other drivers of change.…”

Section: F Jaramillo Et Al: Dominant Effect Of Increasing Forest Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant effect of increasing forest biomass on evapotranspiration: interpretations of movement in Budyko space

Jaramillo

Cory

Arheimer

et al. 2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. During the last 6 decades, forest biomass has increased in Sweden mainly due to forest management, with a possible increasing effect on evapotranspiration. However, increasing global CO 2 concentrations may also trigger physiological water-saving responses in broadleaf tree species, and to a lesser degree in some needleleaf conifer species, inducing an opposite effect. Additionally, changes in other forest attributes may also affect evapotranspiration. In this study, we aimed to detect the dominating effect(s) of forest change on evapotranspiration by studying changes in the ratio of actual evapotranspiration to precipitation, known as the evaporative ratio, during the period 1961-2012. We first used the Budyko framework of water and energy availability at the basin scale to study the hydroclimatic movements in Budyko space of 65 temperate and boreal basins during this period. We found that movements in Budyko space could not be explained by climatic changes in precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in 60 % of these basins, suggesting the existence of other dominant drivers of hydroclimatic change. In both the temperate and boreal basin groups studied, a negative climatic effect on the evaporative ratio was counteracted by a positive residual effect. The positive residual effect occurred along with increasing standing forest biomass in the temperate and boreal basin groups, increasing forest cover in the temperate basin group and no apparent changes in forest species composition in any group. From the three forest attributes, standing forest biomass was the one that could explain most of the variance of the residual effect in both basin groups. These results further suggest that the water-saving response to increasing CO 2 in these forests is either negligible or overridden by the opposite effect of the increasing forest biomass. Thus, we conclude that increasing standing forest biomass is the dominant driver of long-term and large-scale evapotranspiration changes in Swedish forests.

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“…Nitrogen enhances both photosynthesis (Roberntz 2001) and growth (Sigurdsson et al 2013) and is one of the most limiting long-scale factors for growth in the boreal zone (Tamm 1991). Optimal nitrogen treatment may increase growth many-fold compared to controls (Bergh et al 1999).…”

Section: Carbon Balance Of a Treementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, photosynthesis has been shown to increase with increasing CO2 levels and temperature (Uddling andWallin 2012, Wallin et al 2013). In spite of increased photosynthesis additional nitrogen is needed to achieve a positive response of growth for elevated CO2 and temperature levels (Sigurdsson et al 2013). Leuzinger et al (2013) succeeded in improving the biomass estimation of a dynamic global vegetation model by estimating tree growth with a sink-limited instead of source-limited model.…”

Section: Sink and Source Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling intra- and inter-annual growth dynamics of Scots pine in the whole-tree carbon balance framework

Schiestl-Aalto¹

2017

Diss. For.

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3 Schiestl-Aalto, P. (2017) Modelling intra-and inter-annual growth dynamics of Scots pine in the wholetree carbon framework. Dissertationes Forestales 234. 44 p. https://doi.org/10.14214/df.234Environmental factors have a dual effect on growth as they affect both the momentary growth rate (direct effect) and the rate of ontogenetic development (indirect effect). Photosynthesis on the other hand is the source of carbon that is needed for growth, respiration and other purposes. There are two opposite theories about the factor determining growth rate: 1) the availability of carbon for growth (source limitation) and 2) limitation that environmental factors cause on tissue ability to grow (sink limitation). Understanding the responses of the growth of tree organs (wood, needles, roots) to environmental and other factors is important to be able to understand the changes in tree growth and carbon balance in changing climatic conditions.The purpose of this study was to define the effects of temperature on Scots pine growth at different temporal scales and to estimate the relative importances of the source and sink effects on growth. For that, a dynamic growth model CASSIA (Carbon Allocation Sink Source InterAction) was constructed.CASSIA was able to predict daily primary and secondary wood and needle growth rate variation with indirect and direct effects of temperature. In addition, the temperature of warm previous late summer was observed to lead to enhanced length of the growth period (in temperature accumulation units) of shoots in the following year. Growth onset during spring was observed to be a continuous process determined by temperature accumulation, instead of momentary temperatures.Short-term growth variations in normal conditions were concluded to be sink limited because CASSIA was able to predict the within year growth with temperature and without direct effect of photosynthesis or stored carbon. On the other hand carbon source effect (gross primary production) was needed to produce the between year variation in growth. According to the results of this study, growth is limited by a complex combination of sink and source effects. Furthermore, environmental factors affect growth at different time scales varying from instantaneous effects to delayed effects from previous year(s). More research is needed to identify the factors determining the carbon flows to different processes.

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Growth of mature boreal Norway spruce was not affected by elevated [CO2] and/or air temperature unless nutrient availability was improved

Cited by 126 publications

References 61 publications

Climate-sensitive site index models for Norway

Climate-sensitive site index models for Norway

Dominant effect of increasing forest biomass on evapotranspiration: interpretations of movement in Budyko space

Modelling intra- and inter-annual growth dynamics of Scots pine in the whole-tree carbon balance framework

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