Growth of juvenile Pinna nobilis in captivity conditions: Dietary and pathological constraints

Optimizing Microalgae Diet, Temperature, and Salinity for Dwarf Surf Clam, Mulinia lateralis, Spat Culture

“…At the larvae stage of M. lateralis, the mixed diet of Isochrysis galbana and Platymonas helgolandica as diet significantly improved the larval survival and growth (Yang et al, 2021). Similar studies have been reported in many species, such as Pinna nobilis (Prado et al, 2020) and M. mercenaria (Hassan et al, 2021). However, M. lateralis spat fed a mixed diet grew poorly or had no obvious advantages compared with the single microalgae Cp.…”

“…As bivalves are ectotherms, the temperature is a key factor affecting their growth, development, and survival, which was proved in Callista chione (Purroy et al, 2018), Arctica islandica (Ballesta-Artero et al, 2018), and Crassostrea gigas (Trigg et al, 2020). For bivalves, the increase in temperature has a significantly positive effect within a certain range, which is mainly related to the metabolic activities of bivalves (Matoo et al, 2013;Freitas et al, 2019;Prado et al, 2020). On the contrary, when the temperature exceeds this range, the activity of enzymes required for various physiological and biochemical processes will be reduced, thus inhibiting the normal growth of bivalves.…”

An incubation water eDNA method for a non-destructive rapid molecular identification of Pinna nobilis and Pinna rudis bivalve juveniles

“…On the other hand, the settlement of larvae on the ropes of aquaculture facilities on the Spanish coast has also been very remarkable, with thousands of Pinna spp. individuals recruited in a single season [18] . Pinna spp.…”

“…Pinna spp. juveniles grow within the collectors or in the ropes up to 2–3 cm, until retrieved for their study in laboratory [ 17 , 18 ]. Although it is possible to differentiate Pinna spp.…”

“…They are so small that usually, when found dead, they are already empty of soft tissues, impeding their genetic identification. Additionally, the consideration of all juveniles as infected P. nobilis , requires specific food supplementation [18] , extra water filtering to 0.5 µm, and cold temperatures <14 ºC, which are not appropriate for P. rudis growth [19] , which further delays their identification. On this regard, it would be much better to separate both species and put all P. rudis in suspended cages in the water column, where they can grow more than 3 cm/month [19] and maintain only the P. nobilis juveniles in the tanks [16] .…”