Growth of <i>Dehalococcoides</i> Strains with Chlorophenols as Electron Acceptors

Adrian, Lorenz; Hansen, Sigrid K; Fung, Jennifer M.; Görisch, Helmut; Zinder, Stephen H.

doi:10.1021/es062076m

Cited by 146 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is also of special interest that, although 16S rRNA genes and housekeeping genes sequenced from "Dehalococcoides" strains are >98% identical in nucleotide sequence and >85% identical at the amino acid level, respectively, different strains utilize different ranges of haloorganic compounds. That is, the usable halogenated compounds are 1,1-DCE, cis-DCE, trans-DCE, and VC for strain BAV1; TCE and cis-DCE for strain FL2; TCE, 1,1-DCE, cis-DCE, and VC for strain GT; and cis-DCE and VC for strain VS. On the other hand, strain CBDB1 grows depending upon chlorobenzenes, chlorophenols, and PCDD/Fs 5,7,25) . "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes" strain 195 is able to reductively dehalogenate chloroethenes, chlorophenols, and PBDs 5,43) .…”

Section: Obligately Dehalorespiring Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Dehalorespiring Bacteria with Special Emphasis on Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Dechlorinators

Hiraishi

2008

Microb. Environ.

103

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A wide variety of haloorganic compounds undergo reductive dehalogenation by certain anaerobic microorganisms. Metabolic reductive dehalogenation is coupled with energy-conserving respiratory electron transport in which a halogenated compound is used as the terminal electron acceptor, the biological process called dehalorespiration or halorespiration. Dehalorespiring bacteria may play important roles in the geochemical cycle with organohalogens in nature and have great promise in their application to the bioremediation of haloorganic contaminants derived from anthropogenic sources. During the past decade, a number of dehalorespiring microorganisms, including a unique group of strictly dehalorespiring bacteria, "Dehalococcoides", have been isolated and characterized at phylogenetic, physiologic, and genetic levels. Also, new perspectives of dehalorespiring bacteria have emerged based on information about genomics and molecular microbial ecology. This review article focuses on up-to-date knowledge of the biodiversity of dehalorespiring bacteria and reductively dehalogenating microbial consortia with special emphasis on those capable of transforming polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins.

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Section: Obligately Dehalorespiring Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Dehalorespiring Bacteria with Special Emphasis on Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Dechlorinators

Hiraishi

2008

Microb. Environ.

103

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“…Research to date has largely focused on organohalide respirers that dechlorinate anthropogenic pollutants and, in particular, on Dehalococcoides mccartyi, largely because of its ability to dechlorinate a large number of pollutants (14,15,16,17). Recently, several organohalide respirers have been detected in uncontaminated soils and sediments (18,19,20), and Dehalococcoides-like bacteria have been reported to grow in response to the amendment of enzymatically produced organochlorines (18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Novel Firmicutes Group Implicated in the Dechlorination of Two Chlorinated Xanthones, Analogues of Natural Organochlorines

Krzmarzick

Miller

Yan

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bAlthough the abundance and diversity of natural organochlorines are well established, much is still unknown about the degradation of these compounds. Triplicate microcosms were used to determine whether, and which, bacterial communities could dechlorinate two chlorinated xanthones (2,7-dichloroxanthone and 5,7-dichloro-1,3-dihydroxylxanthone), analogues of a diverse class of natural organochlorines. According to quantitative-PCR (qPCR) results, several known dechlorinating genera were either not present or not enriched during dechlorination of the xanthones. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, however, indicated that several Firmicutes were enriched in the dechlorinating cultures compared to triplicate controls amended with nonchlorinated xanthones. One such group, herein referred to as the Gopher group, was further studied with a novel qPCR method that confirmed enrichment of Gopher group 16S rRNA genes in the dechlorinating cultures. The enrichment of the Gopher group was again tested with two new sets of triplicate microcosms. Enrichment was observed during chlorinated xanthone dechlorination in one set of these triplicate microcosms. In the other set, two microcosms showed clear enrichment while a third did not. The Gopher group is a previously unidentified group of Firmicutes, distinct from but related to the Dehalobacter and Desulfitobacterium genera; this group also contains clones from at least four unique cultures capable of dechlorinating anthropogenic organochlorines that have been previously described in the literature. This study suggests that natural chlorinated xanthones may be effective biostimulants to enhance the remediation of pollutants and highlights the idea that novel genera of dechlorinators likely exist and may be active in bioremediation and the natural cycling of chlorine.

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“…Dehalococcoides sp. strain CBDB1 and strain 195 were reported to have growth yields 17 and 23 times higher, respectively, than this value during dechlorination of dichlorophenol to monochlorophenol (1). Dehalococcoides species 16S rRNA-targeted DGGE analysis showed no changes in the composition of the Dehalococcoides species population during dechlorination (see Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A distant relative of Dehalococcoides spp., "Dehalobium chlorocoercia" DF-1, dechlorinates HCB only to 1,3,5-TCB (48). Besides HCB, strain CBDB1 can also degrade polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, ethenes, phenols, and benzenes (1,3,10), whereas strain 195 can also use chlorinated ethenes and ethanes as electron acceptors (14,31). Enzymes catalyzing the reductive dechlorination of HCB have not yet been identified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of “Dehalococcoides” spp. in the Anaerobic Transformation of Hexachlorobenzene in European Rivers

Taş

Eekert

Wagner

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The diffuse pollution by chlorinated organic compounds in river basins is a concern, due to their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. Organohalides, like hexachlorobenzene (HCB), are recalcitrant to aerobic microbial degradation, and "Dehalococcoides" spp. are the only known microorganisms capable of anaerobic transformation of these compounds coupled to their growth. In this study, sediments from four European rivers were studied in order to determine their HCB dechlorination capacities and the role of Dehalococcoides spp. in this process. Only a weak correlation was observed between Dehalococcoides species abundance and HCB transformation rates from different locations. In one of these locations, in the Ebro River sediment, HCB dechlorination could be linked to Dehalococcoides species growth and activity by 16S rRNAbased molecular methods. Furthermore, HCB dechlorination activity in this sediment was found over the full range of ambient temperatures that this sediment can be exposed to during different seasons throughout the year. The sediment contained several reductive dehalogenase (rdh) genes, and analysis of their transcription revealed the dominance of cbrA, previously shown to encode a trichlorobenzene reductive dehalogenase. This study investigated the role of Dehalococcoides spp. in HCB dechlorination in river sediments and evaluated if the current knowledge of rdh genes could be used to assess HCB bioremediation potential.Production of hexachlorobenzene (HCB)-containing pesticides is banned in most of the world due to HCB's toxic and carcinogenic nature. However, production and emission of the compound still occurs as an intermediate in chemical processes and from natural sources, such as volcanoes (5, 17). In aquatic environments, HCB is mainly deposited in the sediment due to its hydrophobicity. Bacterial reductive dechlorination plays an important role in the degradation of chlorinated aromatic contaminants like HCB in these anaerobic environments (15,19). Under anaerobic conditions, HCB is used by some bacteria in their energy metabolism by coupling reductive dehalogenation to electron transport phosphorylation (36). This is the only known pathway, so far, for the microbial transformation of HCB that is linked to microbial growth. Reductive dechlorination of HCB and its lesser chlorinated derivatives was previously reported in several river sediments (8,11,18,19). Nevertheless, in none of these studies were the microorganisms responsible for the process characterized.Three strains of bacteria capable of degrading HCB via reductive dechlorination have been isolated so far. "Dehalococcoides" sp. strain CBDB1 and "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes" strain 195 dechlorinate HCB to 1,3-dichlorobenzene (DCB), 1,4-DCB, and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (TCB) (3,14). Additionally, production of 1,2-DCB was also observed with strain 195. A distant relative of Dehalococcoides spp., "Dehalobium chlorocoercia" DF-1, dechlorinates HCB only to 1,3,5-TCB (48). Besides HCB, strain CBDB1 can also degr...

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Growth of Dehalococcoides Strains with Chlorophenols as Electron Acceptors

Cited by 146 publications

References 38 publications

Biodiversity of Dehalorespiring Bacteria with Special Emphasis on Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Dechlorinators

Biodiversity of Dehalorespiring Bacteria with Special Emphasis on Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Dechlorinators

Novel Firmicutes Group Implicated in the Dechlorination of Two Chlorinated Xanthones, Analogues of Natural Organochlorines

Role of “Dehalococcoides” spp. in the Anaerobic Transformation of Hexachlorobenzene in European Rivers

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