Growth of domesticated transgenic fish

Devlin, Robert H.; Biagi, Carlo A.; Yesaki, Timothy Y.; Smailus, Duane E.; Byatt, John C.

doi:10.1038/35057314

Cited by 206 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Artificial selection for maximum growth rates in salmonid fishes (trout and salmon) has demonstrated that domestic salmonids have a much greater capacity for growth than wild strains (Gross 1998;Devlin et al 2001) owing to higher levels of growth-hormone, which stimulates appetite ( Johnsson et al 1996;Fleming et al 2002). Given that such elevated growth rates are physiologically possible, then why are they not observed in nature when so many fitness traits are positively correlated with body size?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predators select against high growth rates and risk–taking behaviour in domestic trout populations

Biro

Abrahams

Post

et al. 2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

280

291

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Domesticated (farm) salmonid fishes display an increased willingness to accept risk while foraging, and achieve high growth rates not observed in nature. Theory predicts that elevated growth rates in domestic salmonids will result in greater risk-taking to access abundant food, but low survival in the presence of predators. In replicated whole-lake experiments, we observed that domestic trout (selected for high growth rates) took greater risks while foraging and grew faster than a wild strain. However, survival consequences for greater growth rates depended upon the predation environment. Domestic trout experienced greater survival when risk was low, but lower survival when risk was high. This suggests that animals with high intrinsic growth rates are selected against in populations with abundant predators, explaining the absence of such phenotypes in nature. This is, to our knowledge, the first large-scale field experiment to directly test this theory and simultaneously quantify the initial invasibility of domestic salmonid strains that escape into the wild from aquaculture operations, and the ecological conditions affecting their survival.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predators select against high growth rates and risk–taking behaviour in domestic trout populations

Biro

Abrahams

Post

et al. 2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

280

291

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show abstract

“…Lande & Arnold 1983) and maternal effects (Einum et al 2002) by producing half-sib groups fertilized by GH-transgenic and wild-type males originating from the same stock. Any difference in performance between the transgenic and wild half-sib groups would be a result of a single gene insertion that enhances growth by overexpressing GH (Devlin et al 2001). We then compared the performance of the two types of crosses under hypoxic conditions to test the hypothesis that low oxygen levels may constrain the evolution of growth rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically enhanced growth causes increased mortality in hypoxic environments

et al. 2007

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Rapid growth and development are associated with several fitness-related benefits. Yet, organisms usually grow more slowly than their physiological maximum, suggesting that rapid growth may carry costs. Here we use coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) eggs of wild and transgenic genotypes to test whether rapid growth causes reduced tolerance to low levels of oxygen ( hypoxia). Eggs were exposed to four different durations of hypoxia, and survival and growth were recorded until the end of the larval stage. Survival rates decreased with increasing duration of hypoxia, but this decrease was most pronounced for the transgenic group. Larval mass was also negatively affected by hypoxia; however, transgenic genotypes were significantly larger than wild genotypes at the end of the larval stage. Oxygen can be a limiting factor for survival and development in a wide range of organisms, particularly during the egg stage. Thus, the reduced ability of fast-growing genotypes to cope with low oxygen levels identified in the present study may represent a general constraint on evolution of rapid growth across taxa.

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“…The first transgenic fish were produced in the 1980s (Maclean and Talwar, 1984;Zhu et al, 1985), and since then modified fish have been produced with genetically desirable traits such as rapid growth, high feed conversion, disease resistance and cold tolerance (Zhang et al, 1990;Wang et al, 1995;Devlin et al, 2001;Rahman et al, 2001;Nam et al, 2001Nam et al, , 2002Zhong et al, 2002;Jhingan et al, 2003;Mao et al, 2004), all of which would prove beneficial commercially. However, these transgenic fish have not been implemented because if they were released into natural ecosystems, interbreeding could occur resulting in competition with native fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisense for gonadotropin-releasing hormone reduces gonadotropin synthesis and gonadal development in transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Tang

et al. 2007

Aquaculture

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Growth of domesticated transgenic fish

Cited by 206 publications

References 8 publications

Predators select against high growth rates and risk–taking behaviour in domestic trout populations

Predators select against high growth rates and risk–taking behaviour in domestic trout populations

Genetically enhanced growth causes increased mortality in hypoxic environments

Antisense for gonadotropin-releasing hormone reduces gonadotropin synthesis and gonadal development in transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

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