Growth of dinoflagellates, Ceratium furca and Ceratium fusus in Sagami Bay, Japan: The role of temperature, light intensity and photoperiod

Preliminary survey of potentially harmful dinoflagellates in Nigeria´s coastal waters.

“…These three Ceratium species are considered cosmopolitan organisms (grAHAm 1941, dodge & mArSHAll 1994. They constitute dominant red tide species in many coastal waters, where they increasingly cause ecological havocs (see BAeK et al 2008). …”

Temperature effects on the heterotrophic bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and microbial top predators of the NW Mediterranean

“…Then, the negative effect of temperature on ciliate net growth rates could be related to different factors: a lower biomass of their prey (Montagnes et al 2008), a higher predation by the copepod nauplii present in the samples (Huntley & Lopez 1992), or lower protist growth efficiency with warming (Rivkin & Legendre 2001). Similarly, temperature has a positive effect on the net growth rate of dinoflagellates (Baek et al 2008;Nagasoe et al 2006), which may explain the positive effect of warming on the abundance of small dinoflagellates and Ceratium sp.…”

Growth of dinoflagellates, Ceratium furca and Ceratium fusus in Sagami Bay, Japan: The role of nutrients

“…To elucidate the optimum nutrient concentrations for specific growth rates of the two species, we conducted experiments under a wide range of nutrient concentrations. Water temperature, salinity, and irradiance for the experiments were fixed at three temperatures (20, 24, and 28 8C), 30 salinity, and 600 mmol m À2 s À1 , respectively, which were optimum conditions for the two species being cultured (Baek et al, 2006(Baek et al, , 2008. Based on T 1 medium seawater (N:P = 10:1, 1 ml stock solution per one liter filtered seawater), nutrient concentrations were changed to control (T 0 ), T 1 , T 2 , T 5 , T 10 , T 20 , and T 50 , which were made by the addition of no nutrients, 1 ml, 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml, and 50 ml of nutrient stock solution per 1 l of filtered seawater, respectively.…”

“…To better understand their reproductive ecology, we recently explored the seasonal changes of these two Ceratium species in the coastal waters of Sagami Bay, Japan (Baek et al, 2006 and conducted laboratory incubation experiments using isolated cells from the bay (Baek et al, 2008). Though C. furca and C. fusus are found in all seasons in Sagami Bay, their densities increase significantly during the summer before gradually declining after October.…”