Growth of bacteria in inoculated platelets: implications for bacteria detection and the extension of platelet storage

Brecher, Mark E.; Holland, Paul V.; Pineda, Alvaro A.; Tegtmeier, Gary E.; Yomtovían, Roslyn

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40111308.x

Cited by 120 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is estimated that the level of contamination at the time of collection is generally relatively low, probably on the order of 1-10 colony forming units/mL or less. 26 Once the product is contaminated, the inoculated bacterial seed can proliferate within hours to reach levels of 10 6 /mL or greater. Such quantities of bacteria infused with the transfusion product over a short period of time can cause bacteremia that may progress to sepsis and death.…”

Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For most bacterial species, growth in platelet units can occur, rapidly reaching log phase within 24-48 hours. 12,26 An exception is the common skin contaminant, Staphylococcus epidermidis which is a slower growing organism and usually reaches the log phase in 48-72 hours. Since this and similar organisms account for a large proportion of the bacterial species found to contaminate blood units, such slower growth characteristics need to be considered when optimizing sampling strategies for bacterial detection.…”

Section: Prevention Of Bacterial Proliferationrefrigeration Of Platelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Hillyer

Josephson²,

Blajchman³

et al. 2003

Hematology

219

210

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Bacterial contamination of transfusion products, especially platelets, is a longstanding problem that has been partially controlled through modern phlebotomy practices, refrigeration of red cells, freezing of plasma and improved materials for transfusion product collection and storage. Bacterial contamination of platelet products has been acknowledged as the most frequent infectious risk from transfusion occurring in approximately 1 of 2,000-3,000 whole-blood derived, random donor platelets, and apheresis-derived, single donor platelets. In the US, bacterial contamination is considered the second most common cause of death overall from transfusion (after clerical errors) with mortality rates ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:85,000 donor exposures. Estimates of severe morbidity and mortality range from 100 to 150 transfused individuals each year.Concern This Joint ASH and AABB Educational Session reviews the risks, testing strategies, and regulatory approaches regarding bacterial contamination of blood components to aid in preparing practitioners of hematology and transfusion medicine in understanding the background and clinical relevance of this clinically important issue and in considering the approaches currently available for its mitigation, as well as their implementation.In this chapter, Drs. Hillyer and Josephson review the background and significance of bacterial contamination, as well as address the definitions, conceptions and limitations of the terms risk, safe and safety. They then describe current transfusion risks including non-infectious serious hazards of transfusion, and current and emerging viral risks. In the body of the text, Dr. Blajchman reviews the prevalence of bacterial contamination in cellular blood components in detail with current references to a variety of important studies. He then describes the signs and symptoms of transfusion-associated sepsis and the sources of the bacterial contamination for cellular blood products including donor bacteremia, and contamination during whole blood collection and of the collection pack. This is followed by strategies to decrease the transfusion-associated morbidity/mortality risk of contaminated cellular blood products 576American Society of Hematology including improving donor skin disinfection, removal of first aliquot of donor blood, pretransfusion detection of bacteria, reducing recipient exposure, and pathogen reduction/inactivation. In the final sections, Drs. Vostal, Epstein and Goodman describe the regulations and regulatory approaches critical to the appropriate implementation of a bacterial contamination screening and limitation program including their and/or the FDA's input on prevention of bacterial contamination, bacterial proliferation, and detection of bacteria in transfusion products. This is followed by a discussion of sampling strategy for detection of bacteria in a transfusion product, as well as the current approval process for bacterial detection devices, trials recommended under "actual clinical use" conditions, pathogen reduction ...

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Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevention Of Bacterial Proliferationrefrigeration Of Platelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Hillyer

Josephson²,

Blajchman³

et al. 2003

Hematology

219

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Species identification and differentiation is troublesome due to the bacteria's slow and fastidious growth. At the time of blood collection, the level of contamination is between 1 to 10 colony forming units/mL thus justifying the failure to isolate or amplify the bacterium DNA in blood samples after one-round amplifications (BRECHER et al, 2000). In our country, none of the few commercial kits, either serological or based on histochemical techniques, are currently available in routine laboratories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Bartonella henselae DNA in clinical samples including peripheral blood of immune competent and immune compromised patients by three nested amplifications

Kawasato

Oliveira

Velho

et al. 2013

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYBacteria of the genus Bartonella are emerging pathogens detected in lymph node biopsies and aspirates probably caused by increased concentration of bacteria. Twenty-three samples of 18 patients with clinical, laboratory and/or epidemiological data suggesting bartonellosis were subjected to three nested amplifications targeting a fragment of the 60-kDa heat shock protein (HSP), the internal transcribed spacer 16S-23S rRNA (ITS) and the cell division (FtsZ) of Bartonella henselae, in order to improve detection in clinical samples. In the first amplification 01, 04 and 05 samples, were positive by HSP (4.3%), FtsZ (17.4%) and ITS (21.7%), respectively. After the second round six positive samples were identified by nested-HSP (26%), eight by nested-ITS (34.8%) and 18 by nested-FtsZ (78.2%), corresponding to 10 peripheral blood samples, five lymph node biopsies, two skin biopsies and one lymph node aspirate. The nested-FtsZ was more sensitive than nested-HSP and nested-ITS (p < 0.0001), enabling the detection of Bartonella henselae DNA in 15 of 18 patients (83.3%). In this study, three nested-PCR that should be specific for Bartonella henselae amplification were developed, but only the nested-FtsZ did not amplify DNA from Bartonella quintana. We conclude that nested amplifications increased detection of B. henselae DNA, and that the nested-FtsZ was the most sensitive and the only specific to B. henselae in different biological samples. As all samples detected by nested-HSP and nested-ITS, were also by nested-FtsZ, we infer that in our series infections were caused by Bartonella henselae. The high number of positive blood samples draws attention to the use of this biological material in the investigation of bartonellosis, regardless of the immune status of patients. This fact is important in the case of critically ill patients and young children to avoid more invasive procedures such as lymph nodes biopsies and aspirates.

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“…The findings of a 12-year study, where adverse septic reactions after platelet transfusions were analyzed, showed that an increase in transfusing apheresis platelet concentrates was accompanied by a decrease in such reactions (39). Other studies have confirmed these observations pointing to the fact that bacterial contamination of pooled red blood cell concentrates is higher than in those collected from one donor (40). Yet, the findings of another paper described more bacterial contaminations in apheresis concentrates (49).…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Yet, the infection is asymptomatic in most cases. Thus, such donors are a potential source of blood component contamination (40,41). Transfusion associated bacterial sepsis may be caused by other intestinal pathogens, such as Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella Heidelberg, which induce donor's bacteremia (18).…”

Section: Sources Of Blood Components Bacterial Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion-Associated Bacterial Sepsis

Korsak¹

2012

Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock - Understanding a Serious Killer

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Growth of bacteria in inoculated platelets: implications for bacteria detection and the extension of platelet storage

Cited by 120 publications

References 6 publications

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Detection of Bartonella henselae DNA in clinical samples including peripheral blood of immune competent and immune compromised patients by three nested amplifications

Transfusion-Associated Bacterial Sepsis

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