Growth of a Third Ferromagnetic SolidH3eLayer on Graphite

Abstract

We have measured the nuclear susceptibility of 3He in Grafoil filled with pure liquid 3He over the pressure region between 0.6 and 31.38 bars and at temperatures down to 0.5 mK with a cw NMR method. The nuclear magnetization corresponding to the adsorbed 3He layers on the Grafoil surface shows a strong ferromagnetic tendency with a periodic behavior as a function of liquid pressure. This observation is attributable to the growth of third and fourth solid 3He layers with the liquid pressure increase. The pressure dependence of the Weiss temperature indicates the third layer is completed at 19 bars and the fourth probably at 28 bars. The number of localized spins estimated from the solid magnetization is almost doubled from 0 to 28 bars, being consistent with this scenario.

Self-organized Te redistribution during driven reconnection processes in high-temperature plasmas

“…1 does not deviate from the experimental value based on the time scale of ~ 500 microseconds that starts at the formation of the island and ends at the fully developed island formation. This is consistent with the observation that multiple toroidal views of x-ray tomography exhibit a fading hot spot away from the reconnection position [22]. The role of the finite extent of the toroidal reconnection zone for the redistribution of the current density and pressure remains to be resolved in the future.…”

“…X-ray monitoring systems [1] or X-ray tomography [10,11,22] have been routinely employed to study sawtooth oscillations in tokamak plasmas since their discovery. However, the X-ray emission signal from hot plasmas is complex due to the multiple parametric dependence of the emission (electron density, temperature, and impurity content) and the limited number of chordal views in most cases hampers the determination of the uniqueness of each model.…”

“…However, the X-ray emission signal from hot plasmas is complex due to the multiple parametric dependence of the emission (electron density, temperature, and impurity content) and the limited number of chordal views in most cases hampers the determination of the uniqueness of each model. Even multiple views [22] around the torus can only provide a qualitative asymmetric view of the reconnection processes. In contrast, electron cyclotron emission ECE [23] which depends solely on electron temperature in optically thick plasmas [24], has been a powerful tool to study local electron temperature fluctuations since the electron temperature is closely tied to the changes of the local plasma resistivity and known to be equalizing within the same flux zone on a thermal velocity time scale.…”

Nuclear Magnetism in Two-Dimensional Solid Helium Three on Graphite

“…Although the chemical potential shift (<1 K) and the resultant lateral compression (less than a few %) of the second layer are small, the corresponding change in J P would be as much as by a factor of two because of its strong density dependence. When the Grafoil substrate is immersed in bulk liquid 3 He of P ¼ 0:06 MPa, the third layer is already solidified with J ¼ À1:1 mK according to the magnetization measurement by Yamaguchi et al 86) This J value is comparable to that of the lowest density (or uncompressed) IC in the second layer. The application of liquid pressure from 0 and 1.9 MPa decreases jJj to about À0:5 mK being consistent with the earlier experiments.…”

Solid state NMR spectroscopy

“…3. Atoms and molecules sorbed on to solids 3.1 Sorbed noble gas atoms A 3 He NMR study has been made of a ferromagnetic solid 3 He layer on graphite 848. …”