Growth, Mineral Composition, and Seed Oil of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) as Affected by NaCl

Abstract

The tolerance of sesame to NaCl salinity was studied first during germination (72 hours), and later during plant growth up to maturity. Germination was conducted in the laboratory at 25C. Sesame plants were tested for response to salinity using nutrient solution cultures with sodium chloride added when test plants were approximately 10 cm tall. Experiments were continued until mature seed pod formation. The data showed a high tolerance during germination but sensitivity at later growth stages.Although seed yield was strongly reduced, the seed oil content and its fatty acids were not changed. Analyses of leaf blades at different growth stages did not reveal changes in Ca, Mg, K, P, and N indicative of a nutrient deficiency(s). Chlorides, however, accumulated to levels considered toxic. The chloride absorption isotherm showed a marked increase at all growth stages for the same substrate NaCl concentration. This increase was coincident with severe leaf injury and growth reduction. The Na levels in the leaf blades were very low relative to Cl. For example, Na and Cl levels of plants under the highest NaCl treatment at 6 weeks were 0.20% Na and 5.13% Cl. Growth was reduced approximately 50% by this NaCl treatment. The 0.20% Na level is not high enough to indicate Na toxicity.

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Penicillium–sesame interactions: A remedy for mitigating high salinity stress effects on primary and defense metabolites in plants

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Influence of salinity and drought stresses on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…Affected plants showed dehydration and restricted gas exchanges followed by inhibition of biochemical mechanisms and photosynthesis resulting considerable yield losses (Jaleel et al 2011). Like the other major crops, sesame is sensitive the salinity mostly to NaCl ions in soil and drought (Yousif et al 1972). Sesame is mostly grown in arid and semi-arid lands where its productivity is limited by salinity and drought therefore tolerances of these abiotic stress factors are important for sustainable sesame production (Islam et al 2016).…”