Growth mechanism of relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals shown by morphology of crystalline grains in ceramics

Pan, Jing; Zhang, Xiaowen; Chen, Kepi

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.07.009

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The result of this morphology, i.e. near square and equiaxed cube‐shaped, is very similar to the result of the relaxor‐PT ceramics 18 . In addition, ferroelectric domains were observed for both etched samples, with the domain size being on the order of 2 μm in length and 100–250 nm in width, as shown in Figs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–(Bi_0.5K_0.5)TiO₃–BaTiO₃ Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Dai

Zhang

Shrout

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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The effects of microwave sintering on the sintering behaviour, microstructure and piezoelectric properties of ZnO-doped (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5)TiO 3 (ZnO:NBT) ceramics were investigated. The microstructure and piezoelectric properties of a lead-free NBT ceramic were also studied given different amounts of ZnO doping. X-ray diffraction shows that Zn 2+ diffuses into the lattice of (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5)TiO 3 to form a solid solution with a pure perovskite structure. Microwave heating with sintering temperatures below 1000°C significantly improves the densification of ZnO:NBT ceramics. The piezoelectric coefficient d 33 for the 0.5 wt % ZnO:NBT ceramics, sintered at 950°C, was found to be 108 pC/N, with a electromechanical coupling factor kp = 0.17.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–(Bi_0.5K_0.5)TiO₃–BaTiO₃ Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Dai

Zhang

Shrout

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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“…Similar stepped patterns have been discovered in Pb(Fe 2/3 W 1/3 )O 3, 0.7Pb(Zn 0.2 Ni 0.8 ) 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 –0.3PbTiO 3, and 0.93Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 –0.07BaTiO 3 , Ti‐doped Y 2 O 3 stabilized ZrO 2 and La 1– x Ba x Mg 1– x Zn x Al 11– x Ti x O 19 ceramic systems. This phenomenon was believed to be the result of either grain spiral growth or two‐dimensional (2‐D) nucleation in previous literature . However, most of the previous discoveries were made on individual samples with no systematic study being carried out.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Etching Induced Stepped Nanostructure on Pb(Mg_(1–x/2)Mn_(x/2)W_1/2)O₃ Ceramics

et al. 2016

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A new solid solution system, Pb(Mg (1-x/2) Mn (x/2) W 1/2 )O 3 , is formed by replacing Mg 2+ with Mn 2+ in the Pb(Mg 1/2 W 1/2 ) O 3 complex perovskite. The solid solution remains in the orthorhombic Pmcn symmetry up to x = 0.1. It is observed that for such a chemical modification, the surface of the grain changes significantly. A stepped surface nanostructure appears in the Mn-substituted perovskite. Detailed surface morphology of the stepped patterns was revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), which determined that the interlayer step height varies from 2.3 to 8.3 nm. Analyse by XRD, SEM, EDX, and AFM suggest that the nature of the stepped surface structure may be the result of etching rather than spiral growth or twodimensional nucleation as it was previously believed.

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“…However, these grains are randomly distributed in specimen (as observed in the orientation map of EBSD image) giving rise to the characteristic XRD spectrum for NBT‐based ceramics as explained in the previous section. The formation of these types of growth steps has been considered as a result of layer growth mechanism and can be explained using the relationship for the formation of steps due to growth along screw dislocation 53 Figure 15(e). shows that the step spreads out with velocity v step along the surface and with in the direction perpendicular to the surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Na₂Ti₆O₁₃ Whiskers and their Transformation to (1−x) Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃–xBaTiO₃ Ceramics

Maurya

Murayama

Priya

2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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In this paper we report the synthesis of monoclinic Na2Ti6O13 whiskers and their transformation to lead‐free 0.93Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3–0.07BaTiO3 (NBTBT) ceramics. Synthesis of Na2Ti6O13 templates was performed using molten salt synthesis method. These whiskers were further characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, and HR‐TEM for structural analysis. Tape‐casting method was used to align the whiskers in base matrix powder and subjected to various processing temperatures to elucidate the microstructure and texture evolution. For this, SEM, HR‐TEM, AFM, and EDS analysis were used as principal tools. The sintering process can be understood by dividing it into three stages, namely (i) transformation of monoclinic whiskers in to NBTBT perovskite phase through topochemical reaction (<800°C), (ii) localized sintering confined on single whisker (800°–1050°C), and (iii) liquid‐phase sintering as densification and grain growth occurs in the whole matrix (>1050°C). The concentric growth ledges observed on grain surfaces were found to be preferably confined on the corners of cubical grains indicating 〈111〉 growth direction. The Lotgering factor (f100) for the sintered matrix was found to decrease with increase in sintering temperature. The longitudinal piezoelectric constant (d33) of samples sintered for 20 h at 1175°, 1200°, and 1225°C was measured to be ∼153, ∼216, and ∼180 pC/N, respectively.

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Growth mechanism of relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals shown by morphology of crystalline grains in ceramics

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–(Bi_0.5K_0.5)TiO₃–BaTiO₃ Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–(Bi_0.5K_0.5)TiO₃–BaTiO₃ Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Etching Induced Stepped Nanostructure on Pb(Mg_(1–x/2)Mn_(x/2)W_1/2)O₃ Ceramics

Synthesis and Characterization of Na₂Ti₆O₁₃ Whiskers and their Transformation to (1−x) Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃–xBaTiO₃ Ceramics

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Growth mechanism of relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals shown by morphology of crystalline grains in ceramics

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3 Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3 Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Etching Induced Stepped Nanostructure on Pb(Mg(1–x/2)Mn(x/2)W1/2)O3 Ceramics

Synthesis and Characterization of Na2Ti6O13 Whiskers and their Transformation to (1−x) Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–xBaTiO3 Ceramics

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Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–(Bi_0.5K_0.5)TiO₃–BaTiO₃ Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Li‐Doped (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–(Bi_0.5K_0.5)TiO₃–BaTiO₃ Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Etching Induced Stepped Nanostructure on Pb(Mg_(1–x/2)Mn_(x/2)W_1/2)O₃ Ceramics

Synthesis and Characterization of Na₂Ti₆O₁₃ Whiskers and their Transformation to (1−x) Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃–xBaTiO₃ Ceramics