“…The uniform, thin coating layer on the struts of the scaffolds could be attributed to the spin coating process used. During the process, the centrifugal force could help the precursor solution evenly distribute inside the scaffolds and prevent the precursor from clogging [ 36 , 37 ].…”
Porous Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds fabricated by means of selective laser melting (SLM), having controllable geometrical features and preferable mechanical properties, have been developed as a class of biomaterials that hold promising potential for bone repair. However, the inherent bio-inertness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy as the matrix of the scaffolds results in a lack in the ability to stimulate bone ingrowth and regeneration. The aim of the present study was to develop a bioactive coating on the struts of SLM Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds in order to add the desired surface osteogenesis ability. Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) coating was applied on the strut surfaces of the SLM Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds through spin coating, followed by a heat treatment. It was found that the coating could maintain the characteristic mesoporous structure and chemical composition of MBG, and establish good interfacial adhesion to the Ti-6Al-4V substrate. The compressive strength and pore interconnectivity of the scaffolds were not affected by the coating. Moreover, the results obtained from in vitro cell culture experiments demonstrated that the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) on the MBG-coated Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds were improved as compared with those on the conventional bioactive glass (BG)-coated Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds and bare-metal Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds. Our results demonstrated that the MBG coating by using the spinning coating method could be an effective approach to achieving enhanced surface biofunctionalization for SLM Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds.
“…The uniform, thin coating layer on the struts of the scaffolds could be attributed to the spin coating process used. During the process, the centrifugal force could help the precursor solution evenly distribute inside the scaffolds and prevent the precursor from clogging [ 36 , 37 ].…”
Porous Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds fabricated by means of selective laser melting (SLM), having controllable geometrical features and preferable mechanical properties, have been developed as a class of biomaterials that hold promising potential for bone repair. However, the inherent bio-inertness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy as the matrix of the scaffolds results in a lack in the ability to stimulate bone ingrowth and regeneration. The aim of the present study was to develop a bioactive coating on the struts of SLM Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds in order to add the desired surface osteogenesis ability. Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) coating was applied on the strut surfaces of the SLM Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds through spin coating, followed by a heat treatment. It was found that the coating could maintain the characteristic mesoporous structure and chemical composition of MBG, and establish good interfacial adhesion to the Ti-6Al-4V substrate. The compressive strength and pore interconnectivity of the scaffolds were not affected by the coating. Moreover, the results obtained from in vitro cell culture experiments demonstrated that the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) on the MBG-coated Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds were improved as compared with those on the conventional bioactive glass (BG)-coated Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds and bare-metal Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds. Our results demonstrated that the MBG coating by using the spinning coating method could be an effective approach to achieving enhanced surface biofunctionalization for SLM Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds.
“…Moreover, the released N 2 O 5 gas will decompose gradually into nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) gas even at room temperature [22]. The possible reactions for the formation of In 2 O 3 can be expressed as follows [20]: …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The as-deposited samples were annealed at 300°C for 2 h under a nitrogen atmosphere to evaporate the solvent and refine the film structure. To transform the films into InN, nitridation was conducted using a custom-made tube furnace system in the presence of ammonia gas, as shown in Figure 1 [20]. Figure 1 Reaction set-up for synthesising InN thin films.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A recent report showed that increasing the number of coating cycles has improved the crystallite size and photoluminescence emission intensity of a spin-coated oxide thin film [18]. To the best of our knowledge, few studies have reported on the growth of InN using sol–gel spin coating [19,20]; by contrast, the effect of the number of coating cycles on III-nitride thin films, especially InN, has not been investigated. Hence, we believe that the success of this study may contribute to the significant advancement of knowledge in materials science and thin film technology.…”
Indium nitride (InN) thin films were prepared on aluminium nitride/p-silicon (111) substrates via sol-gel spin coating followed by nitridation. The InN thin films deposited at different coating cycles (10, 20 and 30) were analysed, and the growth mechanism was discussed in depth. The film thickness was enhanced with increasing number of coating cycle. X-ray diffraction showed that the crystalline structure of InN was improved at 20 coating cycles and started to degrade at 30 cycles. The diffusion path of the active nitrogen atoms into the deeper film was limited by the low growth temperature and led to gradual surface saturation. The film deposited at 20 cycles showed densely packed InN grains. Through the proposed approach, an InN optical band gap of 1.71 eV was achieved. It can be deduced that the variation in the number of coating cycles has significantly affected the film properties.
“…Therefore, an alternative growth method which is simpler, safer, and cheaper is highly needed. Recently, we have successfully grown InN [18][19][20] and Mg-doped InN [21][22][23] using sol-gel spin coating technique. This approach allows the growth below the decomposition temperature of the InN (i.e., around 630 C).…”
We report on the growth of p-type indium nitride (InN) thin films on different substrates using a relatively simple and cost-effective sol-gel spin coating method. The precursors for the indium source and p-type dopant were indium nitrate hydrate and magnesium chloride 6-hydrate powders, respectively. The structural, morphology, and optical properties of p-type InN thin films grown on different substrates were investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the deposited Mg-doped InN thin film on GaN/AlN/Si(111) template show polycrystalline wurtzite structure with a strong InN(002) orientation and have a good crystallinity. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images and energy dispersive X-ray results showed that all the films exhibit densely packed surface morphology with hexagonal-like grains shape and low oxygen percentage with almost 1:1 ratio of indium to nitrogen. Moreover, two Raman-active modes of E2(High) and A1(LO) of the wurtzite InN were clearly observed for all samples. The ultraviolet-visiblenear infrared spectroscopy results showed that the energy bandgap of the Mg-doped InN thin films was in the range of 1.62-1.66 eV. From all the results, it can be concluded that the Mg doped InN film on GaN/AlN/Si(111) substrate has better crystalline quality as compared to that of other substrates.
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