Growth kinetics of tin iodide single crystals in silica gels

Desai, C. C.; Rai, J.L.

doi:10.1016/0376-4583(82)90081-4

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This behaviour is considered to be characteristic of a one dimensional diffusion controlled process. 46,47 Moreover, at the very late stage of growth, a departure from linearity is observed and the curve is better described by a quadratic function that seems to suggest a growth mechanism controlled by surface integration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As the growth proceeds, lateral propagation of the steps takes place until, below a threshold value of supersaturation, a layer-by-layer type mechanism takes over, leading to morphological restoration of the crystals. 46,49 To confirm the suitability of the proposed kinetic model, the correlation between the mass gradient and the reactant concentration towards crystal growth should be established, along with accurate characterization of the micromorphology of the surface of the crystal faces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystal growth in gelled solution: applications to coordination polymers

et al. 2016

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Some critical issues concerning the complex synthesis and crystallization of designed coordination polymers are highlighted by using gels as diffusion media. The systematic use of gel methods in a variety of different crystallization configurations has been proven useful in revealing the field of existence and the stability hierarchy of competitive and concomitant crystalline phases, and also in discovering some important effects due to gel matrices. The most interesting phenomena observed are the modification and alteration of the macro-and microscopic morphology of crystals due to gel incorporation, which are responsible for changes in many properties and functionalities of these materials, opening up new possibilities for their applications in a variety of technological fields. In addition, a kinetic study of a gel grown polymeric system has also been conducted, demonstrating the continuous evolution of crystal morphology and its connection with the crystal growth process and growth mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal growth in gelled solution: applications to coordination polymers

et al. 2016

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“…The initial portion of the curve in Figure 9 (L vs. t) is parabolic, as confirmed by the linear dependence of L 2 from the time of growth (see L 2 vs. t graph in Figure 9). This behaviour is usually considered characteristic of one-dimensional diffusion [46,48]. At a later stage of the growth, the curve is better described by a quadratic function that seems to suggest a growth mechanism controlled by surface integration.…”

Section: Kinetics Of Growthmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The initially "rough" surface of the crystal becomes more regular and smoother as supersaturation decreases and growth slows down, leading to the formation of a regular system of macroscopic steps. As growth proceeds, a lateral propagation of the steps takes place producing continuous layers and allowing a partial morphological recovery of the crystals [46,47]. Figure 9.…”

Section: Kinetics Of Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Stability and Morphology of Gel Grown Crystals: The Case of CdCl2-bpp Polymeric System

2019

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A phenomenological study is carried out on a complex two-component diffusion-reacting system in gel, that is, the Cd-1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (Cd-bpp) coordination polymer. The latter can exist in three solid forms, which exploit a 1:1 correspondence among the Cd/bpp ratio, the crystal structure and the crystal morphology (1/2: bipyramids; 2/3: needles; 1/3: plates). The aim was to clarify the role of key physicochemical variables (reactant concentrations, composition of the solvent and density of the transport medium) in determining the chemical nature and the morphology of the final crystallization products. The gel method was tested in a variety of different crystallization configurations, including single and double diffusion techniques. The density of the gel primarily affects the morphology of the synthesized crystals, with denser media favouring the needle-like 2/3 Cd-bpp species and diluted ones the 1/2 Cd-bpp bipyramidal one. However, higher densities of the gel are generally associated to strained crystals. The solvent composition is also important, as for example the 1/2 Cd-bpp bipyramids require at least a minimum amount of ethanol to appear. We demonstrated that in gel the strict “equality” stoichiometric criteria for metal-to-ligand ratios can be sometimes eluded, as non–equilibrium concentrations can be locally attained. In this respect, the crystallization geometry was proven to act as a key tool to influence the crystallization output, as it determines the direction and magnitude of the concentration gradients. Finally, the use of U tubes to perform one-pot screenings of a large part of the crystallization space is discussed.

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Growth kinetics of tin iodide single crystals in silica gels

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Crystal growth in gelled solution: applications to coordination polymers

Crystal growth in gelled solution: applications to coordination polymers

Phase Stability and Morphology of Gel Grown Crystals: The Case of CdCl2-bpp Polymeric System

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