Growth Kinetics of Laves Phase and Its Effect on Creep Rupture Behavior in 9Cr Heat Resistant Steel

Xia, Zhen; Wang, Chuanyang; Chen, Lei; Lal, Yun-ting; Zhao, Yanfen; Zhang, Lu

doi:10.1016/s1006-706x(16)30106-6

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Investigations of long-time aged steels and modeling of phase evolution in such steels show that even after more than 10 years, equilibrium may not yet be achieved, and new phases such as Laves phases or so-called Z phase (a complex (Cr,Fe)(Nb,V)N nitride [647][648][649]) may nucleate and grow only after long times (see, for example, [639,[650][651][652]). Because such aging times of 10 or more years of course by far exceed available times in experimental studies, the kinetics of phase precipitation and coarsening was often investigated by theoretical simulations [650,651,[653][654][655][656][657][658][659][660]. An example of a simulation of the time-dependent change of phase fractions in two different steels is shown in Fig . 31 [651], details are discussed later in this section.…”

Section: The '9-12cr' Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…minor additions) came into application in 2001 and 2002, respectively [639]. The Laves phase-containing P92 steel until today is a kind of benchmark for high-temperature steels and its properties and behavior especially with respect to the Laves phase were discussed in many publications, see, for example, [639,660,[676][677][678][679][680][681][682][683].…”

Section: The '9-12cr' Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

2020

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Laves phases with their comparably simple crystal structure are very common intermetallic phases and can be formed from element combinations all over the periodic table resulting in a huge number of known examples. Even though this type of phases is known for almost 100 years, and although a lot of information on stability, structure, and properties has accumulated especially during the last about 20 years, systematic evaluation and rationalization of this information in particular as a function of the involved elements is often lacking. It is one of the two main goals of this review to summarize the knowledge for some selected respective topics with a certain focus on non-stoichiometric, i.e., non-ideal Laves phases. The second, central goal of the review is to give a systematic overview about the role of Laves phases in all kinds of materials for functional and structural applications. There is a surprisingly broad range of successful utilization of Laves phases in functional applications comprising Laves phases as hydrogen storage material (Hydraloy), as magneto-mechanical sensors and actuators (Terfenol), or for wear- and corrosion-resistant coatings in corrosive atmospheres and at high temperatures (Tribaloy), to name but a few. Regarding structural applications, there is a renewed interest in using Laves phases for creep-strengthening of high-temperature steels and new respective alloy design concepts were developed and successfully tested. Apart from steels, Laves phases also occur in various other kinds of structural materials sometimes effectively improving properties, but often also acting in a detrimental way.

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Section: The '9-12cr' Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The '9-12cr' Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

2020

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“…The growth of Laves-Phase does not rely on any initial welding parameters. Moreover, the amount and size of the Laves-Phase present depend on creep-rupture duration and elevated temperature exposure [17]. Typical size and distribution of the A 2 B-type phases are in the range of 0.1-1 lm, with a peak in the probability function at 0.25 ± 0.15 lm according to Dimmler et al [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of Mo-Rich Laves-Phase in Weld Metals of a Creep-Resistant 9% Cr-Steel Using Light Optical Microscopy

Pahr

Rojacz

Baumgartner

2017

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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Creep-resistant 9% Cr-steels feature different phases in their weld metal microstructure; especially after creep-rupture testing. Laves-Phase in such alloying concepts is widely studied, but there is still a need for a simple identification technique utilizing light optical microscopy. The Lichtenegger-Bloech color tint etchant was utilized to contrast the weld metals microstructure in as-welded condition, after post-weld heat treatment and creep-rupture tested. Proof of the presence of Laves-Phase after creeprupture tests in the weld metal of a 9% Cr-steel GX13CrMoCoVNbNB9-2-1 (CB2) was performed using Lichtenegger-Bloech and light optical microscopy. To validate Laves-Phase within the analyzed microstructure, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were performed. For a thorough analysis, phase analysis was done in selected regions of interest. The results show that the Laves-Phase in this type of steel can be easily contrasted and quantified at comparatively low lateral resolutions by Lichtenegger-Bloech, with no further need of analysis required.

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“…In the previous works, Laves phase precipitates in 9%-12% Cr steels were mainly quantified using morphological observation methods, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 14,15 and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 14,16,17 Other methods like Xray diffraction (XRD) 18 have also been reported to be a feasible way to quantify the Laves phase.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dissolution Behaviour of Laves Phase in P92 High Alloy Steel in Alkaline Solutions

Yuan

Yan

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The Laves phase precipitates in ASTM A335 P92 (P92) steel were found to dissolve in solutions with NaOH concentration higher than 7 mol l−1. Such behaviour was utilized to detect and quantify the precipitates in P92 specimens aged at 650 °C for times from 0 to 5000 h. The amount of precipitates was acquired by potentiodynamically polarizing the sample and integrating the dissolution current over time. The result was compared to that of a traditional SEM observation method, and a good linear correlation was found between the results. The dissolution mechanism was discussed based on the electrochemical behaviour of an artificially synthesized Fe2Mo laves phase specimen, pure Fe, and pure Mo in the strong alkaline solution.

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Growth Kinetics of Laves Phase and Its Effect on Creep Rupture Behavior in 9Cr Heat Resistant Steel

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

Determination of Mo-Rich Laves-Phase in Weld Metals of a Creep-Resistant 9% Cr-Steel Using Light Optical Microscopy

Dissolution Behaviour of Laves Phase in P92 High Alloy Steel in Alkaline Solutions

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