Growth Inhibition of Blue-green Algae by Allelopathic Effects of Macrophytes.

Nakai, Satoshi; Inoue, Yutaka; Hosomi, Masaaki; Murakami, Akihiko

doi:10.2521/jswtb.33.215

Cited by 51 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…by exudation or leaching, into the surrounding medium was not proven, thus the ecological relevance of these studies remains questionable. Exudation of allelochemicals has been shown for Myriophyllum spicatum (Gross et al, 1996;Nakai et al, 1999). We could show that yet unidentified, slightly lipophilic compounds that could be trapped by SPE, are released into the incubation water by intact C. demersum and N. marina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Allelopathic activity of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas marina ssp. intermedia (Wolfgang) Casper

2003

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We investigated the allelopathic activity of two submersed macrophytes with different growth forms and nutrient uptake modes, Ceratophyllum demersum and Najas marina ssp. intermedia. A bioassay-directed method development revealed optimal extraction solvents for allelochemicals from both macrophytes. For Najas, 50% methanol and for Ceratophyllum 50% acetone yielded the strongest inhibition in the agar-diffusion assay with various filamentous or chroococcal cyanobacteria as target species. Further fractionation by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) procedures showed that both aquatic plants appear to have more than one active fraction, one being hydrophilic and one moderately lipophilic. The water-soluble allelochemicals may inhibit phytoplankton whereas the lipophilic allelochemicals may act through direct cell-cell contact, e.g., against epiphytes. Both macrophytes also exuded allelopathically active compounds into the surrounding medium as shown by SPE of their incubation water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Allelopathic activity of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas marina ssp. intermedia (Wolfgang) Casper

2003

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“…Non-axenic Fischerella tisserantii (Cyanobacteria) contained lower concentrations of fischerellin A compared with the axenic strains F. ambigua and F. muscicola (Gross et al, 1991;Gross, unpublished results). Exudates of Myriophyllum spicatum loose their inhibitory activity on algae and cyanobacteria over time, indicating bacterial degradation (Gross et al, 1996;Nakai et al, 1999).…”

Section: Macrophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracts of M. spicatunz exhibited the strongest inhibitory activiiy toward Selenastrum capricornutum and Microcystis aeruginosa compared with extracts from Egeria densa and Cabomba caroliniana (Nakai et al, 1996). M. spicatum actively releases allelochemicals to the environment (Gross et al, 1996), but the allelochemicals are readily metabolized after exudation (Gross et al, 1996;Gross, 1999), and a continuous release is required for the algicidal activity (Nakai et al, 1999). Tellimagrandin 11, ellagic acid, and several other not yet identified low molecular polyphenols have been found in exudates of this plant (Gross and Sütfeld, 1994).…”

Section: Submersed Macrophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Gross¹

2003

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

536

355

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Allelopathy in aquatic environments may provide a competitive advantage to angiosperms, algae, or cyanobacteria in their interaction with other primary producers. Allelopathy can influence the competition between different photoautotrophs for resources and change the succession of species, for exarnple, in phytoplankton cornmunities. Field evidence and laboratory studies indicate that allelopathy occurs in all aquatic habitats (marine and freshwater), and that ail prirnary producing organisms (cyanobacteria, micro-and macroalgae as well as angiospenns) are capable of producing and releasing allelopathically active compounds. Although allelopathy also includes positive (stimulating) interactions, the majority of studies describe the inhibitory activity of ailelopathicaily active compounds. Different mechanisms operate depending on whether allelopathy takes place in the Open water (pelagic zone) or is Substrate associated (benthic habitats). Allelopathical interactions are especiaily common in fully aquatic species, such as submersed macrophytes or benthic algae and cyanobacteria. The prevention of shading by epiphytic and planktonic primary producers and the competition for space may be the ultimate cause for allelopathical interactions. Aquatic ailelochemicals often target multiple physiological processes. The inhibition of photosynthesis of competing primary producers seems tobe a frequent mode of action. Multiple biotic and abiotic factors determine the strength of allelopathic interactions. Bacteria associated with the donor or target organism can metabolize excreted aiielochemicals. Frequently, the impact of surplus or limiting nutrients has been shown to affect the overail production of allelochemicals and their effect on target species. Similarities and differences of ailelopathic interactions in marine and freshwater habitats as well as between the different types of producing organisms are discussed.

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“…Sulphuric compounds isolated from the green macroalga Chara globularis may inhibit phytoplankton photosynthesis (Anthoni et al, 1980). Planas et al (1981) found growth inhibition by phenolic compounds isolated from Myriophyllum spicatum, some of which are also released into the surrounding water (Gross et al, 1996;Nakai et al, 1996Nakai et al, , 1999Gross, 2003). Extracts from Elodea canadensis have been shown to suppress photosynthesis in the diatom Nitzschia palea (Wium-Andersen, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Nutrient Competition and Allelopathic Effects in Suppression of the Green Alga Scenedesmus obliquus by the Macrophytes Chara, Elodea and Myriophyllum

2006

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Possible allelopathic effects of substances released from the macrophytes Chara globularis, Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum spicatum on the common green alga Scenedesmus obliquus were tested in the laboratory with plastic plants and untreated medium as controls. A two-phase approach was used in which first the effects of physical presence of plants was studied (phase I) followed by the effects of plant culture filtrates (phase II). In the presence of plastic plants growth was reduced only marginally, but strong growth inhibition of Scenedesmus occurred in the physical presence of all macrophytes. In contrast, filtrates from Chara had no growth inhibitory effect on Scenedesmus. Myriophyllum filtrate reduced particle-based growth rate by 7% compared to filtration controls, while Elodea culture filtrate reduced volume-based growth by 12%, chlorophyll-based growth by 28% and particle-based growth by 15%. Photosystem IIefficiency of Scenedesmus was reduced in all three macrophyte treatments in phase I, but not in filtrates from macrophyte cultures (phase II). Thus, while enzyme activity or other physiological aspects may have been affected, the current study yielded no proof for allelopathically active compounds being directed at photosynthesis. Mean particle volume (MPV) of Scenedesmus was not influenced by macrophyte exudates and cultures remained dominated by unicells. The strong growth inhibitory effects found for Scenedesmus in the physical presence of macrophytes, but not in plastic controls, and no or weaker response in nutrientenriched filtrates, suggest nutrient competition was a more powerful driving factor than allelochemicals. However, the experimental design does not exclude disappearance of allelochemicals during the filtration process.

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Growth Inhibition of Blue-green Algae by Allelopathic Effects of Macrophytes.

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

Allelopathic activity of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas marina ssp. intermedia (Wolfgang) Casper

Allelopathic activity of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas marina ssp. intermedia (Wolfgang) Casper

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Importance of Nutrient Competition and Allelopathic Effects in Suppression of the Green Alga Scenedesmus obliquus by the Macrophytes Chara, Elodea and Myriophyllum

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