Growth in Early Childhood in Developing Countries

Martorell, Reynaldo; Habicht, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7198-8_12

Cited by 252 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Growth patterns of Vietnamese children are similar to those observed in many developing countries (Martorell and Habicht, 1986;Adair et al, 1993;Rao and Kanade, 1992). Children are already born with low weight mainly due to their reduced body length.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Longitudinal observation of growth of Vietnamese children in Hanoi, Vietnam from birth to 10 years of age

et al. 1997

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Objective: To investigate the physical growth of Vietnamese children on a longitudinal basis and with regard to any secular trend. Design: A longitudinal study with four birth cohorts : 1981, 1982, 1983 and 1984 followed up in their homes from birth to 10 y. Subjects: Two-hundred twelve children (128 boys and 84 girls) from two (Hai Ba and Hoan Kiem) out of the four districts in Hanoi. Monitoring of physical growth: Weight, height, feeding practices and diseases were recorded monthly from birth to 12 months, three monthly from 12±36 months, six monthly from 36±72 months, and annually thereafter until 10 y of age. Results: Mean body weight and height of the children at birth was reduced and after the ®rst 3±4 months were comparable to NCHS reference data. Thereafter weight and height fell progressively from the NCHS reference. The most intense period of growth retardation was 15±36 months. The highest proportion of stunting occurred at 21 months (59.4% of males and 58.3% of females). Anthropometric data of Vietnamese children living 1981± 1995 in Hanoi were lower than from those living at the same time in Paris but higher than from those living in earlier decades in Vietnam. Conclusions: The longitudinally-followed children showed growth retardation at birth due to the poor nutritional and health status of their mothers. Children grew well during the ®rst 3±4 months of age, then growth faltering was observed due to inadequate complementary feeding practices. There was a positive secular trend among Vietnamese children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Longitudinal observation of growth of Vietnamese children in Hanoi, Vietnam from birth to 10 years of age

et al. 1997

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“…A summary table is available at http://www.epa .gov/scipoly/oscpendo/pubs/edmvs/foodstudyreftable.pdf. 15 A number of studies suggest that the height of a child by age 4 is a discriminating indicator of previous nutrition and childhood disease and a reasonably accurate predictor of adult height (Martorell and Habicht 1986;Fogel 1990Fogel , 1991Martorell 1993;Herrinton and Husson 2001). 16 If anything, adult height appears to be slightly skewed to the left for girls who mature early, consistent with studies from development biology that show that reaching puberty early is associated with a shorter stature in adulthood with no corresponding effects on health.…”

Section: A Endogenous Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Early Marriage, Age of Menarche, and Female Schooling Attainment in Bangladesh

Field

Ambrus

2008

Journal of Political Economy

402

311

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The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Using data from rural Bangladesh, we explore the hypothesis that women attain less schooling as a result of social and financial pressure to marry young. We isolate the causal effect of marriage timing using age of menarche as an instrumental variable. Our results indicate that each additional year that marriage is delayed is associated with 0.22 additional year of schooling and 5.6 percent higher literacy. Delayed marriage is also associated with an increase in use of preventive health services. In the context of competitive marriage markets, we use the above results to obtain estimates of the change in equilibrium female education that would arise from introducing age of consent laws.

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“…There was a time lag in the seasonal effect on weight and length velocity of about 3 months. Previous studies have reported a similar time lag in the poor areas of developing countries: a reduced weight gain during the summer months and a reduced length gain a few months later (Martorell & Habicht, 1986;Nabarro et al, 1988;Cole, 1993;Karlberg et al, 1993). Other studies on children recovering from malnutrition provides evidence that linear growth will not catch up until at least 85% of expected weight-for-length is achieved (Walker & Golden, 1988).…”

Section: Seasonality Of Growth Velocity At Various Age Intervalsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Seasonality of growth in Shanghai infants (n=4128) born in 11 consecutive years

Wang

Guo

et al. 2001

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To describe the seasonal growth patterns in Shanghai infants, to explore seasonal time lag between weight gain and length gain, and to investigate the long-term effect of birth season on early postnatal growth. Design: Community-based longitudinal study. Setting: Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Method: Children were followed up monthly from 1 to 6 months, 3 monthly from 6 to 12 months, and 6 monthly from 12 to 24 months. Subjects: A total of 6018 children born between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 1990. Main outcome measures: Weight gain, length gain and change in body mass index (BMI) over the seasons of the year. Results: The infants tended to grow faster in height in spring and summer, and faster in weight and BMI in autumn and winter. The seasonal effect on weight gain and length gain is largely independent. The mean length value at 1 month of age was about 2.0 cm higher in infants born in May to July than in those born in November to February. At 24 months of age this difference was reduced to about 0.7 cm. Conclusions: There is a clear and consistent seasonality in growth in Shanghai infants. The seasonality seems to act independently on weight and length. Birth month has some association with attained size, but this is reduced during the ®rst 2 y of life. Sponsorship: Children's Hospital

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Growth in Early Childhood in Developing Countries

Cited by 252 publications

References 53 publications

Longitudinal observation of growth of Vietnamese children in Hanoi, Vietnam from birth to 10 years of age

Longitudinal observation of growth of Vietnamese children in Hanoi, Vietnam from birth to 10 years of age

Early Marriage, Age of Menarche, and Female Schooling Attainment in Bangladesh

Seasonality of growth in Shanghai infants (n=4128) born in 11 consecutive years

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