Growth hormone directly inhibits leptin gene expression in visceral fat tissue in fatty Zucker rats

Isozaki, Osamu; Tsushima, Takahiro; Miyakawa, Megumi; Nozoe, Yasuko; Demura, Hiroshi; Seki, Hitoshi

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1610511

Cited by 45 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Several authors 35,36 have reported that GH supplementation in GH-deficient adult patients decreased both body fat and plasma leptin concentrations. Moreover, Isokazi et al 37 showed in Zucker fa/fa rats that GH directly inhibits leptin gene expression in visceral fat tissue. Thus, it is plausible that weight loss, by restoring GH secretion through reduction of insulin levels and abdominal fat, can normalize the adipocyte phenotype (at least as far as leptin secretion is concerned).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daylong pituitary hormones in morbid obesity: effects of bariatric surgery

et al. 2008

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Moderate obesity is known to be associated with multiple endocrine abnormalities. Less information is available on the hormonal status of patients with morbid obesity and on the effects of major weight loss. We studied 16 severely obese (BMI 40.6-69.9 kg/m 2 ) nondiabetic patients and 7 nonobese (BMI range 24.6-27.7 kg/m 2 ), sex-and age-matched healthy volunteers. During 24 h in a metabolic ward, four meals were administered and hourly blood samples were drawn from a central venous catheter for the measurement of glucose, insulin, leptin, thyrotropic hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH) and prolactin. Insulin sensitivity was measured by a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp. Studies were repeated 6 months after biliopancreatic diversion, a mainly malabsorptive surgical approach, which caused an average weight loss of 35±4 kg (or 26 ± 2% of initial weight). Compared with controls, patients were hyperinsulinaemic (290 ± 31 vs 88 ± 4 pmol l À1 , P ¼ 0.0002), insulin resistant (23.5±2.8 vs 52.9±4.9 mmol min À1 kg FFM À1 , P ¼ 0.0006) and hyperleptinaemic (52.5±5.8 vs 10.9±3 ng ml À1 , P ¼ 0.0002). Plasma TSH levels were increased throughout the day-night cycle (averaging 2.02 ± 0.18 vs 1.09 ± 0.19 mU ml À1 of controls, P ¼ 0.01), whereas serum GH levels were suppressed (0.46±0.10 vs 3.01±1.15, P ¼ 0.002). Following surgery, the hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance were fully normalized; in concomitance with a major drop in leptin levels (to 14.4±2.7 ng ml À1 , P ¼ 0.02), TSH decreased and GH increased to near-normal levels. In the whole dataset, mean 24-h leptin levels were directly related to mean 24-h TSH levels after controlling for confounders this relationship was lost only after adjusting for fat mass. We conclude that in morbid obesity leptin is a determinant of changes in pituitary function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daylong pituitary hormones in morbid obesity: effects of bariatric surgery

et al. 2008

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“…The hypothesis is further supported by evidence showing a reduction in both gonadotropes and somatotropes in rats or mice that are leptin deficient [29,30]. Because somatotropes and gonadotropes are present in leptin-deficient rodents, these data suggest that leptin may not be needed for the embryonic birth of these cell types.…”

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confidence: 85%

“…Neuroendocrinologists have suggested that circulating leptin plays a critical role in reproduction because a threshold level of fat is vital for normal puberty and fertility [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Rats without *Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, 4301 W. Markham, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Tel: 501 686-7020; Fax: 501 686-6382; E-mail: Childsgwenv@uams.edu functional leptin receptors (Zucker fa/fa) and mice without functional leptin proteins (ob/ob) both exhibit characteristics of morbid obesity, insulin resistance, delayed or impaired pubertal development, and pituitaries with low numbers of somatotropes or gonadotropes [29,30]. Puberty is delayed or absent, and fertility is severely impaired in the absence of leptin receptors or in animals with low leptin levels [28,[31][32][33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pituitary Leptin-A Paracrine Regulator of Gonadotropes: A Review

2011

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Leptin, a potent anorexigenic hormone secreted primarily by adipocytes, is known to be expressed in the anterior pituitary. Studies in our laboratory found leptin proteins and mRNA predominantly in somatotropes in normal male and cycling female rats. In contrast, leptin expression predominated in gonadotropes during pregnancy and lactation. Leptin expression varied with the cycle and was enhanced, in vitro by gonadotropin releasing hormone and Neuropeptide Y. In contrast, ghrelin inhibited pituitary leptin expression. Pituitary leptin in somatotropes or gonadotropes was reduced by nutritional deprivation for 24 h. However, growth hormone (GH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and pituitary leptin recovered if fasted animals were given glucose water. The glucose-mediated recovery suggests that the system is sensitive to changes in serum glucose. Somatotropes and gonadotropes also recovered if pituitary cells from fasted rats were stimulated in vitro with 1-100 pg/ml leptin. This in vitro leptin-mediated recovery suggests that leptin is important in the maintenance of somaotropes and gonadotropes. Collectively, the data suggest that pituitary leptin might serve as a "glucostat", sensing levels of serum glucose and reporting this nutritional state to somaotropes and gonadotropes in a paracrine manner. A decrease in pituitary leptin might signal nutritional deprivation to somatotropes and gonadotropes, lowering LH and GH production and allowing for conservation of resources. Lower GH would help conserve fat stores and lower LH would promote survival over reproduction.

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“…Wyniki dotychczas opublikowanych prac dotyczących wpływu hormonu wzrostu na sekrecję leptyny są rozbieżne [31][32][33]. W badaniach in vivo przeprowadzonych na różnych gatunkach zwierząt obserwowano zarówno brak wpływu GH na ekspresję leptyny w adipocytach [33], jak i jego działa-nie pobudzające [31] lub hamujące [32].…”

Serum leptin concentrations in adolescents and young adults with growth hormone deficiency

Oświęcimska¹,

Roczniak²,

Świętochowska³

et al. 2015

Pediatr. Endocrinol.

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Introduction. Leptin (LEP) is the first from described adipokines of pleiotropic action. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) may contribute to the development of disturbances in the functioning of adipose tissue (AT), and many disorders observed in untreated patients with GHD coincides with the spectrum of action of leptin. Results of published papers according the effects of GH secretion on LEP are divergent. There is no data on serum LEP in a group of adolescents and young adults with varying degrees of GHD in the transition phase. Aim of the study. 1) Assessment of LEP levels in adolescents with varying degrees of GHD (severe or partial) and in the control groups with normal GH secretion and healthy. 2) Evaluation of the relationship between the degree of functional GH/IGF-1 axis impairment and LEP. 3) Analysis of the correlations between LEP and selected cardiometabolic risk factors in the group of patients with severe GHD and those with normal GH secretion. Materials and methods. Based on the current results of GH assessment during insulin tolerance test (ITT) patients Słowa kluczowe leptyna, niedobór hormonu wzrostu, okres przejścio-wy, młodzież, młodzi dorośli Streszczenie Wstęp. Leptyna (LEP) jest pierwszą opisaną adipokiną o działaniu plejotropowym. Niedobór hormonu wzrostu (GH) może przyczyniać się do rozwoju zaburzeń w funkcjonowaniu tkanki tłuszczowej (AT), a wiele zaburzeń stwierdzanych u nieleczonych osób z niedoborem GH pokrywa się ze spektrum działania LEP. Wyniki dotychczas opublikowanych prac dotyczących wpływu GH na sekrecję LEP są rozbieżne. Brakuje prac dotyczących zachowania się stężeń leptyny w grupie młodzieży i młodych dorosłych z róż-nym stopniem niedoboru GH w tzw. okresie przejściowym. Cel pracy. 1) Ocena stężeń LEP u młodzie-ży z różnym stopniem niedoboru GH (znacznym lub częściowym) oraz w grupach kontrolnych osób z prawidłowym wydzielaniem GH i zdrowych. 2) Zbadanie zależności pomiędzy stopniem upośledzenia funkcji osi GH/IGF-1 a stężeniem LEP. 3) Analiza korelacji pomiędzy stężeniami LEP a wybranymi czynnikami ryzyka kardiometabolicznego w grupie badanych ze znacznym niedoborem GH i u osób z prawidło-wą czynnością somatotropową przysadki. Materiał Stężenia leptyny w surowicy młodzieży i młodych dorosłych z niedoborem hormonu wzrostu

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Growth hormone directly inhibits leptin gene expression in visceral fat tissue in fatty Zucker rats

Cited by 45 publications

References 17 publications

Daylong pituitary hormones in morbid obesity: effects of bariatric surgery

Daylong pituitary hormones in morbid obesity: effects of bariatric surgery

Pituitary Leptin-A Paracrine Regulator of Gonadotropes: A Review

Serum leptin concentrations in adolescents and young adults with growth hormone deficiency

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