Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors in fish: Where we are and where to go

Reinecke, Manfred; Björnsson, Björn Thrándur; Dickhoff, Walton W.; McCormick, Stephen D.; Navarro, Isabel; Power, Deborah M.; Gutiérrez, Joaquím

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.016

Cited by 411 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The sample analysis revealed that the expression of mRNA gh mainly occurred in the pituitary gland of tench (Table 2), which coincides with results described by Reinecke et al (2005). Further analysis did not confi rmed that water temperature had a direct effect on the level of mRNA gh expression in tench, probably due to small sample size.…”

Section: Effect Of Water Temperature On Mrna Gh Expressionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Temperature influence on key players of the somatotropic axis of tench, Tinca tinca (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Panicz

Sadowski

Schütze

et al. 2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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Panicz R., Sadowski J., Schütze H., Bergmann S.M. 2015. Temperature infl uence on key players of the somatotropic axis of tench, Tinca tinca (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 45 (4): 335-342.Background. Tench, Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758), has been cultivated in Polish fi sh farms since centuries, due to its good quality meat. However, the most critical problem in tench culture is the slow growth, which makes farming of this species unprofi table. Growth rates of fi sh are infl uenced by numerous internal and external factors such as water temperature, food availability and quality, as well as photoperiod. In order to analyse and improve tench growth rate, the most important factors (GH, IGF-I) of the somatotropic axis should be analysed against selected culture factors. Key elements of the axis play a pivotal role in the coordination of protein and energy metabolism during postnatal growth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess effect of water temperature on the activity of somatotropic axis of tench. Obtained results can be useful in tench farming in order to deal with mass gain. Material and methods. Forty tench, approximately 3+ years of age, were placed in eight 240 L tanks, fi ve fi sh in each tank. There were four temperature regimes (10°C, 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C) studied separately for males and females during a period of one week. At the end of the experiment, 2 mL of blood, the whole pituitary gland, 2 liver samples, and one muscle sample were collected from selected fi sh specimens. Real-time PCR was used to assess the effect of water temperatures on the level of tench mRNA gh transcripts in pituitary-, liver-, and muscle samples. Also, the concentration of growth hormone (GH) protein was measured in relation to individual temperature treatments in blood plasma and liver samples using ELISA assay.Results. The highest cycle threshold (Ct) values of mRNA gh were detected in the pituitary samples. ELISA assays confi rmed that water temperature affected GH and IGF-I concentrations in the blood and the liver samples. Additionally, results from ELISA assays confi rmed sex size dimorphism (SSD) phenomenon in tench. Conclusion.Presented results shed new light on mechanisms of functioning of tench somatotropic axis and constitute benchmark information for future experiments on nutritional factors.

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Section: Effect Of Water Temperature On Mrna Gh Expressionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Temperature influence on key players of the somatotropic axis of tench, Tinca tinca (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Panicz

Sadowski

Schütze

et al. 2015

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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“…Furthermore, in fish, GH participates in almost all major physiological processes that occur inside the body such as the regulation of ionic and osmotic balance; lipid, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism; skeletal and soft tissue growth; reproduction; and immune function. The latest research studies have showed that GH affects a number of characteristics of behavior such as hunger, foraging behavior, aggression, and escaping from predators, which in turn has environmental significance (Björnsson et al, 2004;Reinecke et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary selenium nanoparticles on physiological andbiochemical aspects of juvenile Tor putitora

Khan¹,

Zuberi²,

Nazir³

et al. 2016

Turk J Zool

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A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on physiological and biochemical aspects of juvenile mahseer (Tor putitora) fish. Maintaining a 40% protein level, 2 different experimental diets supplemented with 0% Se-NPs and 0.68 Se-NPs mg kg -1 were fed to triplicate groups of fish. The experiment was conducted in a semistatic condition consisting of 6 fiber tanks. The fish were first acclimatized, and then 30 fish per tank were randomly put into each fiber tank. At the end of the feeding trial, samples were collected from the fish and analyzed. Results obtained showed that the diet supplemented with Se-NPs significantly increased (P < 0.05) physiological aspects like red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit values, and lysozyme activity as compared to the basal diet. Similarly, biochemical parameters including serum growth hormone levels, tissue total protein content, and glutathione peroxidase activity in liver and muscle tissues of T. putitora also significantly (P < 0.05) increased. Thus, dietary Se-NP supplementation at the rate of 0.68 mg kg -1 diet has very beneficial effects on the physiobiochemical health aspects of juvenile T. putitora.

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“…These two hormones are known to directly stimulate growth. Although GH is classically associated with the pituitary, and the major source of IGF-I is the liver, recent studies have demonstrated that these hormones are expressed in other tissues as well (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), where their functions are unclear. In tilapia, both hormones are expressed as mRNA and protein in the testis and the ovary (Fig.…”

Section: Body Growth Regulation By Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonads directly regulate growth in teleosts

Bhatta

Iwai

Miura

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In general, there is a relationship between growth and reproduction, and gonads are known to be important organs for growth, but direct evidence for their role is lacking. Here, using a fish model, we report direct evidence that gonads are endocrine organs equal to the pituitary in controlling body growth. Gonadal loss of function, gain of function, and rescue of growth were investigated in tilapia. Gonadectomy experiments were carried out in juvenile males and females. Gonadectomy significantly retarded growth compared with controls; however, this retardation was rescued by the implantation of extirpated gonads. Because gonads express growth hormone, it is possible that gonads control body growth through the secretion of growth hormone and/or other endocrine factors. We propose that gonads are integral players in the dynamic regulation of growth in teleosts.

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Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors in fish: Where we are and where to go

Cited by 411 publications

References 49 publications

Temperature influence on key players of the somatotropic axis of tench, Tinca tinca (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Temperature influence on key players of the somatotropic axis of tench, Tinca tinca (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

Effects of dietary selenium nanoparticles on physiological andbiochemical aspects of juvenile Tor putitora

Gonads directly regulate growth in teleosts

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