Growth, food intake and evacuation rates of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella fry

Silva, S.S. De; Weerakoon, D.E.M.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(81)90100-9

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the other hand, this fact shows that grass carp seems to feed substantially on natural food resources under traditional pond management. This feeding habit is reported for grass carp juveniles which are known to feed on zooplankton (De Silva and Weerakoon 1981). But this study shows that also larger sized grass carp under traditional pond management assimilated 15 N from natural food resources.…”

Section: Tracer Uptake In the Fish Speciesmentioning

confidence: 51%

Uptake of nitrogen from natural food into fish in differently managed polyculture ponds using 15N as tracer

Pucher

Focken²

2016

Aquacult Int

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Food security in Asia depends significantly on small-scale pond aquaculture in which fish feed on external feeds and natural food resources. Little is known about the assimilation of natural food resources into fish. In order to elucidate the food web and nitrogen flows in a traditionally and a semi-intensively managed pond in Vietnam, d 13 C and d 15 N in pond inputs and fish were measured before and after the application of inorganic 15 N at 1.1 and 0.4 % of total nitrogen. The applied 15 N was traced through the biomass of stocked fish over 30 days. Under traditional management, grass carp was the dominant species in number and biomass. After 30 days, grass carp assimilated 1.2 % of the applied tracer through natural food resources. Filter feeders assimilated only 0.1-0.3 % of the tracer after 30 days because of the limited productivity in the traditionally managed pond. Nile tilapia showed the highest uptake rates over the 30 days, which demonstrated their ability to feed on a variety of natural food resources. In total, 2.6 % of the applied 15 N was assimilated into fish biomass after 30 days. Under semi-intensive management, common carp was the main species numerically and assimilated 1.8 % of the tracer after 30 days. Grass carp was stocked at lower density, but had the highest biomass by the time of the experiment. Grass carp assimilated 0.2 % of the applied tracer suggesting a low contribution of natural food resources to its nutrition. Silver carp benefited most from the higher natural food resources. In total, 4.1 % of applied 15 N was assimilated into fish biomass after 30 days. Traditional small-scale aquaculture of a grass carp-dominated polyculture has a lower assimilation efficiency of applied fertilizers into fish biomass than a common carp-dominated polyculture under semi-intensive management.

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Section: Tracer Uptake In the Fish Speciesmentioning

confidence: 51%

Uptake of nitrogen from natural food into fish in differently managed polyculture ponds using 15N as tracer

Pucher

Focken²

2016

Aquacult Int

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“…Results of the feeding trial indicated that the growth pattern of the shrimp for 9 weeks was not significantly altered by feeding diets containing 10-40% partial replacement of fish meal by FCM protein. Previous studies in carp demonstrated that copra meal had a deleterious effect on feed intake and growth performance of the fish (Silva and Weerakon, 1981;Hasan et al, 1997). Copra meal contains anti-nutritional factors, including phytic acid, tannins, and non-starch polysaccharides (Tacon et al, 2009) as well as being poor in essential amino acids, notably lysine and sulphur amino acids (Dairo, 2004;Sundu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal by Fermented Copra Meal on the Growth and Feed Efficiency in Black Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus monodon

Apines‐Amar¹,

Andrino-Felarca²,

Cadiz³

et al. 2016

Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh

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As from January 2010 The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh (IJA) will be published exclusively as an on-line Open Access (OA) quarterly accessible by all AquacultureHub (http://www.aquaculturehub.org) members and registered individuals and institutions. Please visit our website (http://siamb.org.il) for free registration form, further information and instructions. This transformation from a subscription printed version to an on-line OA journal, aims at supporting the concept that scientific peer-reviewed publications should be made available to all, including those with limited resources. The OA IJA does not enforce author or subscription fees and will endeavor to obtain alternative sources of income to support this policy for as long as possible.

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“…The grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, a member of the family Cyprinidae, plays an important role in carp polyculture systems in Asia. Above a body length of about 25 mm (De Silva & Weerakoon 1981), grass carp are capable of efficiently shredding plantderived material such as filamentous algae, emerged plants, grasses and leaves of trees and crops (Prowse 1971, Opuszynski 1972. Due to the low quality and digestibility of these feed resources, the amount ingested by grass carp may reach more than 100% of their body mass per day at water temperatures of 22 to 33°C (Opuszynski 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide-contaminated feeds in integrated grass carp aquaculture: toxicology and bioaccumulation

Pucher¹,

Gut²,

Mayrhofer³

et al. 2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Effects of dissolved pesticides on fish are widely described, but little is known about effects of pesticide-contaminated feeds taken up orally by fish. In integrated farms, pesticides used on crops may affect grass carp that feed on plants from these fields. In northern Vietnam, grass carp suffer seasonal mass mortalities which may be caused by pesticide-contaminated plants. To test effects of pesticide-contaminated feeds on health and bioaccumulation in grass carp, a net-cage trial was conducted with 5 differently contaminated grasses. Grass was spiked with 2 levels of trichlorfon/fenitrothion and fenobucarb. Unspiked grass was used as a control. Fish were fed at a daily rate of 20% of body mass for 10 d. The concentrations of fenitrothion and fenobucarb in pond water increased over time. Effects on fish mortality were not found. Fenobucarb in feed showed the strongest effects on fish by lowering feed uptake, deforming the liver, increasing blood glucose and reducing cholinesterase activity in blood serum, depending on feed uptake. Fenobucarb showed increased levels in flesh in all treatments, suggesting bio-concentration. Trichlorfon and fenitrothion did not significantly affect feed uptake but showed concentration-dependent reduction of cholinesterase activity and liver changes. Fenitrothion showed bioaccumulation in flesh which was dependant on feed uptake, whereas trichlorfon was only detected in very low concentrations in all treatments. Pesticide levels were all detected below the maximum residue levels in food. The pesticide-contaminated feeds tested did not cause mortality in grass carp but were associated with negative physiological responses and may increase susceptibility to diseases.

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Growth, food intake and evacuation rates of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella fry

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Uptake of nitrogen from natural food into fish in differently managed polyculture ponds using 15N as tracer

Uptake of nitrogen from natural food into fish in differently managed polyculture ponds using 15N as tracer

Effects of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal by Fermented Copra Meal on the Growth and Feed Efficiency in Black Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus monodon

Pesticide-contaminated feeds in integrated grass carp aquaculture: toxicology and bioaccumulation

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