Growth factor analysis of low-grade glioma CSF: PDGF and VEGF are not detectable

Ribom, Dan; Larsson, Anders; Pietras, Kristian; Smits, Anja

doi:10.1007/s100720300075

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Our study did not find any significant difference between FGF level in the meningioma and glioma in comparison with the control group. Similarly, Ribom et al, (2003) also measured FGF-2, but at an extremely low concentrations in only 2 out of 7 patients. Consistent with the current study, Sun et al, (2010) showed significantly increased PDGFR-α and FGF-2 levels in recurrent tumors, and the important role of PDGFR-α and FGF-2 in the angiogenesis, and recurrent craniopharyngiomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of VEGF, FGF and PDGF and Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Glioma and Meningioma in Southern Iran

Shamsdin

Mehrafshan

Rakei

et al. 2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Background: Meningioma and glioma are common central nervous system tumors. Hypoxic tumor cells secrete angiogenic cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) that stimulate neovascular formation and inflammatory cytokine, such as TNF-α and IL-1β. We measured these serum levels in patients with glial cell tumors and meningioma. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study in 2014-2015 on patients diagnosed with meningioma/glioma. All demographic and clinical data were registered. The tumor volume and intraoperative bleeding were recorded. Serum levels of VEGF, PDGF, FGF, TNF-α and IL-1β were measured by ELISA methods. Results: Ninety-six patients were enrolled in this study, 32 in each group. Patients VEGF level with cranial tumor, glioma/meningioma had increased. VEGF level was highest among grade IV tumors, larger tumors, and in glioblastoma multiform. There was an upsurge in VEGF serum level as glioma grade increased. The highest VEGF levels were seen in parasagittal meningioma. In contrast to VEGF, PDGF was slightly elevated in glial cell tumors, which was significantly elevated in meningioma. Higher PDGF correlated with increased intraoperative bleeding, especially in meningioma cases. Oligodendroglial tumors expressed higher PDGF levels in contrast to other glial tumors. FGF level was not statistically significant. TNF-α and IL-1β expressions were significantly higher in the meningioma and glioma group in comparison to control group. Conclusion: We found increased VEGF and PDGF serum levels in CNS patient's tumor. A different role for PDGF was found in the pathogenesis of neovascularization of meningioma, as well as oligodendroglioma. No significant result was found for FGF. TNF-α and IL-1β can serve as key prognostic biomarker in high-grade glioma and meningioma patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of VEGF, FGF and PDGF and Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Glioma and Meningioma in Southern Iran

Shamsdin

Mehrafshan

Rakei

et al. 2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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“…VEGF was shown, nearly two decades ago, to be secreted by malignant brain tumors (19) and to be a measurable element of brain tumor angiogenesis (20). Even though the local release of VEGF was not reflected in the serum of brain tumor patients according to some groups (21) and not detectable in patients with low-grade glioma (22), others have shown that VEGF is often elevated in cancer in the presence of distant metastases (23) from epithelial tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine and Growth Factor Responses After Radiotherapy for Localized Ependymoma

Merchant

et al. 2009

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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Purpose To determine the time course and clinical significance of cytokines and peptide growth factors in pediatric patients with ependymoma treated with postoperative radiotherapy (RT). Methods and Materials We measured 15 cytokines and growth factors (fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-α) from 30 patients before RT and 2 and 24 h, weekly for 6 weeks, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the initiation of RT. Two longitudinal models for the trend of log-transformed measurements were fitted, one during treatment and one through 12 months. Results During RT, log IL-8 declined at a rate of −0.10389/wk (p = 0.0068). The rate of decline was greater (p = 0.028) for patients with an infratentorial tumor location. The decline in IL-8 after RT was significant when stratified by infratentorial tumor location (p = 0.0345) and more than one surgical procedure (p = 0.0272). During RT, the decline in log VEGF was significant when stratified by the presence of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. After RT, the log VEGF declined significantly at a rate of −0.06207/mo. The decline was significant for males (p = 0.0222), supratentorial tumors (p = 0.0158), one surgical procedure (p = 0.0222), no ventriculoperitoneal shunt (p = 0.0005), and the absence of treatment failure (p = 0.0028). Conclusion The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 declined significantly during RT and the decline differed according to tumor location. The angiogenesis factor VEGF declined significantly during the 12 months after RT. The decline was greater in males, those without a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, and in those with favorable disease factors, including one surgical procedure, supratentorial tumor location, and tumor control.

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“…Furthermore, it serves as a biologic marker for the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response in leptomeningeal metastases [119] (class III) (Table 4). VEGF is not detectable in lower grade gliomas (grade 2) [120] (class III).…”

Section: Csf Markers With a Future Potential To Be Used In Clinical Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFNS guidelines on disease‐specific CSF investigations

Deisenhammer

Egg

Giovannoni

et al. 2009

Euro J of Neurology

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We reviewed the literature for disease-specific markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and evaluated their diagnostic and prognostic relevance in neurological diseases. High tau protein in combination with low amyloid b levels has a high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (90%) for AlzheimerÕs disease (AD) against normal aging and can predict conversion of mild cognitive impairment to AD. The detection of 14-3-3 has a high sensitivity (80-90%) and specificity (90%) for the diagnosis of CJD. Low or undetectable CSF hypocretin-1 (orexin-1) levels constitute a diagnostic biomarker for narcolepsy with cataplexy. Detection of beta-2-transferrin indicates CSF contamination in oto-and rhinorrhoe with a sensitivity of >79% at a specificity of 95% similar to the beta-trace protein (sensitivity >90%, specificity 100%). However, beta-trace protein is faster and cheaper to perform. Possible future biomarkers are: elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are relatively sensitive (51-100%) and specific (73-100%) for leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors and are associated with a poor prognosis in this condition. Elevated CSF neurofilament (Nf) levels probably reflect acute neuronal degeneration. The prognostic value of CSF Nf levels is highest in acute conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, acute optic neuritis and neuromyelitis optica.

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Growth factor analysis of low-grade glioma CSF: PDGF and VEGF are not detectable

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of VEGF, FGF and PDGF and Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Glioma and Meningioma in Southern Iran

Evaluation of VEGF, FGF and PDGF and Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Glioma and Meningioma in Southern Iran

Cytokine and Growth Factor Responses After Radiotherapy for Localized Ependymoma

EFNS guidelines on disease‐specific CSF investigations

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