Growth-Dependent Interlayer Chiral Exchange and Field-Free Switching

Huang, Yu-Hao; Huang, Chao-Chung; Liao, Wanjiun; Chen, Tian-Yue; Pai, Chi‐Feng

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.18.034046

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Current-induced field-free switching based on IEC has been demonstrated, ,− although the switching behavior is sometimes restricted by a small effective field or the thickness of the NM layer. To date, understandings of IEC-assisted field-free switching are constrained to a macroscopic symmetry-breaking point of view. , In other words, the IMA layer applies an effective in-plane (IP) field on the PMA layer via symmetric IEC. ,,, The effects of chiral IEC have not been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiral Interlayer Exchange Coupling for Asymmetric Domain Wall Propagation in Field-Free Magnetization Switching

et al. 2023

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The discovery of chiral spin texture has unveiled many unusual yet extraordinary physical phenomena, such as the Néel type domain walls and magnetic skyrmions. A recent theoretical study suggests that a chiral exchange interaction is not limited to a single ferromagnetic layer; instead, three-dimensional spin textures can arise from an interlayer Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. However, the influence of chiral interlayer exchange coupling on the electrical manipulation of magnetization has rarely been addressed. Here, the coexistence of both symmetric and chiral interlayer exchange coupling between two orthogonally magnetized CoFeB layers in PtMn/CoFeB/W/CoFeB/MgO is demonstrated. Images from polar magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy indicate that the two types of coupling act concurrently to induce asymmetric domain wall propagation, where the velocities of domain walls with opposite chiralities are substantially different. Based on this microscopic mechanism, field-free switching of the perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB is achieved with a wide range of W thicknesses of 0.6–4.5 nm. This work enriches the understanding of interlayer exchange coupling for spintronic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiral Interlayer Exchange Coupling for Asymmetric Domain Wall Propagation in Field-Free Magnetization Switching

et al. 2023

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“…The magnetization switching behavior is also governed by the characteristic DMI vector D, which defines both the strength and direction of the chiral exchange, and subsequently the switching polarity. Harnessing i-DMI to achieve field-free switching also eliminates the possibility of bipolar switching since the magnetization configuration reinitializes itself under the applied current [33]. These features are all essential for realizing practical SOT-MRAM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

University Technology Commercialization in Taiwan: National Taiwan University (NTU) and National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (NTUST)

Liu¹,

Chen²,

Chiou³

et al. 2011

Academic Entrepreneurship in Asia

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The large amount of data collected by LiDAR sensors brings the issue of LiDAR point cloud compression (PCC). Previous works on LiDAR PCC have used range image representations and followed the predictive coding paradigm to create a basic prototype of a coding framework. However, their prediction methods give an inaccurate result due to the negligence of invalid pixels in range images and the omission of future frames in the time step. Moreover, their handcrafted design of residual coding methods could not fully exploit spatial redundancy. To remedy this, we propose a coding framework BIRD-PCC. Our prediction module is aware of the coordinates of invalid pixels in range images and takes a bidirectional scheme. Also, we introduce a deep-learned residual coding module that can further exploit spatial redundancy within a residual frame. Experiments conducted on SemanticKITTI and KITTI-360 datasets show that BIRD-PCC outperforms other methods in most bitrate conditions and generalizes well to unseen environments.

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“…This would allow for writing and deleting operations, which are necessary when the different magnetic textures are employed as bits. Furthermore, the IL-DMI can allow for field-free switching as recent studies have shown. , This pure electrical switching facilitated by the IL-DMI offers new possibilities for spintronic devices while the IL-DMI is relatively simply induced by an oblique sputtering technique or a magnetic field during deposition . Conventionally, the strength of both DMI and IL-DMI is set during sample growth.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Another route toward Hopfions is offered by the antisymmetric interlayer exchange interaction, which has been termed as RKKY-DMI or interlayer DMI (IL-DMI). − It favors spin canting between layers in the lateral direction and originates from in-plane symmetry breaking. This allows for a highly sought-after tuning mechanism for 3D magnetic textures, which could stabilize such structures in magnetic multilayers without confinement.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Controlling the Interlayer Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction by Electrical Currents

et al. 2023

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The recently discovered interlayer Dzyaloshinskii− Moriya interaction (IL-DMI) in multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy favors canting of spins in the in-plane direction. It could thus stabilize intriguing spin textures such as Hopfions. A key requirement for nucleation is to control the IL-DMI. Therefore, we investigate the influence of an electric current on a synthetic antiferromagnet with growth-induced IL-DMI. The IL-DMI is quantified by using out-of-plane hysteresis loops of the anomalous Hall effect while applying a static in-plane magnetic field at varied azimuthal angles. We observe a shift in the azimuthal dependence with an increasing current, which we conclude to originate from the additional in-plane symmetry breaking introduced by the current flow. Fitting the angular dependence, we demonstrate the presence of an additive current-induced term that linearly increases the IL-DMI in the direction of current flow. This opens the possibility of easily manipulating 3D spin textures by currents.

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Growth-Dependent Interlayer Chiral Exchange and Field-Free Switching

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Chiral Interlayer Exchange Coupling for Asymmetric Domain Wall Propagation in Field-Free Magnetization Switching

Chiral Interlayer Exchange Coupling for Asymmetric Domain Wall Propagation in Field-Free Magnetization Switching

University Technology Commercialization in Taiwan: National Taiwan University (NTU) and National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (NTUST)

Controlling the Interlayer Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction by Electrical Currents

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