Growth Characteristics of Ectomycorrhizal Seedlings of Quercus glauca, Quercus salicina, Quercus myrsinaefolia, and Castanopsis cuspidata Planted in Calcareous Soil

Kayama, Masazumi; Yamanaka, Takashi

doi:10.3390/f7110266

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our findings support that connectivity between the LGM and currently suitable habitats is a key factor in range filling (Figure 4), which is in line with previous findings that past connectivity can influence current species distributions (Graham et al, 2010;Pabijan et al, 2015). Other than connectivity, another likely mechanism corresponds to our finding that the % LGM ice sheets is negatively associated with range filling, which could be caused by the lagged accumulation of suitable soil substrates (Giesecke et al, 2017;Hutchinson, 1918;Pennington, 1986) and lagged development of mutualisms, especially ectomycorrhizal association essential for oaks (Kayama & Yamanaka, 2016;Southworth et al, 2009). Our support for both mechanisms hints that studies of plant range shifts under climate warming should consider both the connectivity of suitable habitat and the lagged development of soil and soil microbes.…”

Section: Support For and Implications Of The Four Hypothesessupporting

confidence: 92%

Linking multiple hypotheses to a unifying framework of range‐size variation: A case study with American oaks (Quercus spp.)

Ricklefs

2022

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim: Closely related species vary greatly in range size. To understand what drives range-size variation, we established an integrative framework focusing on two causal pathways: the amount of currently suitable habitat (ASH) and range filling (i.e., the occupancy of ASH). Instead of testing different hypotheses in isolation, we linked four hypotheses to this unifying framework: we tested the niche breadth and niche position hypotheses, which explain range-size variation via effects on ASH; we also tested the colonization ability and post-glacial migration lag hypotheses, which explain range-size variation via range filling.Location: The Americas. Time period: Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present.Major taxa studied: One hundred and eighty-three oak species. Methods:We extracted locality records and measured range size as the area of occupancy (AOO) and extent of occurrence (EOO). We used Maxent models and current environmental layers to quantify ASH, niche breadth and niche position. We used seven phenotypic traits as proxies of colonization ability. We calculated post-glacial accessibility to currently suitable habitat, in addition to the proportion of currently suitable habitat covered by LGM ice sheets. Using structural equation models and regression models, we tested the four hypotheses. Finally, we examined how ASH and range filling contributed interactively to range-size variation by quantifying variance and covariance. Results:Our results supported all four hypotheses. Additionally, we found that variance in ASH and range filling contributed to a similar extent to variance in AOO, with almost zero covariance between ASH and range filling. In contrast, range filling accounted for almost all the variance in EOO, and we detected a significant negative covariance between ASH and range filling. Main conclusions:In oaks, factors associated with range filling are at least as important as niche properties in determining range size. Our framework is generalizable to other study systems for testing the contributions of two pathways, ASH and range filling, to range-size variation.

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Section: Support For and Implications Of The Four Hypothesessupporting

confidence: 92%

Linking multiple hypotheses to a unifying framework of range‐size variation: A case study with American oaks (Quercus spp.)

Ricklefs

2022

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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“…Drought stress significantly hinders nutrient uptake and assimilation, thereby affecting plant growth [ 7 , 8 ]. In general, AMF colonization can improve plant nutritional status by increasing nutrient acquisition in plants [ 82 , 83 ] and also in nutrient deficient soils [ 83 , 84 ]. Accordingly, different studies have confirmed the contribution of AMF colonization in overcoming drought stress by improving plant nutrition, which could be considered as an important drought tolerance mechanism [ 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Differentially Affects the Nutritional Status of Two Durum Wheat Genotypes under Drought Conditions

Fiorilli

Maghrebi

Novero

et al. 2022

Plants

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Durum wheat is one of the most important agricultural crops, currently providing 18% of the daily intake of calories and 20% of daily protein intake for humans. However, being wheat that is cultivated in arid and semiarid areas, its productivity is threatened by drought stress, which is being exacerbated by climate change. Therefore, the identification of drought tolerant wheat genotypes is critical for increasing grain yield and also improving the capability of crops to uptake and assimilate nutrients, which are seriously affected by drought. This work aimed to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant growth under normal and limited water availability in two durum wheat genotypes (Svevo and Etrusco). Furthermore, we investigated how the plant nutritional status responds to drought stress. We found that the response of Svevo and Etrusco to drought stress was differentially affected by AMF. Interestingly, we revealed that AMF positively affected sulfur homeostasis under drought conditions, mainly in the Svevo cultivar. The results provide a valuable indication that the identification of drought tolerant plants cannot ignore their nutrient use efficiency or the impact of other biotic soil components (i.e., AMF).

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“…Distantly related oak species tend to share a proportion of their ECM symbionts (Desai et al, 2016) despite significant differentiation in ECM communities among distantly related oak hosts (Cavender-Bares et al, 2009a). ECM symbionts enhance growth of oak seedlings and likely allow them to persist in nutrient-poor soils by mobilization of various nitrogen and phosphorus forms from organic soil layers (Berman & Bledsoe, 1998;Kayama & Yamanaka, 2016). There is evidence that ECM mutualists enhance the ability of oaks to colonize new niches (Yguel et al, 2014).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification, adaptation, and community assembly of the American oaks (Quercus), a model clade for integrating ecology and evolution

2018

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Contents Summary669I.Model clades for the study and integration of ecology and evolution670II.Oaks: an important model clade671III.Insights from the history of the American oaks for understanding community assembly and ecosystem dominance673IV.Bridging the gap between micro‐ and macroevolutionary processes relevant to ecology679V.How do we reconcile evidence for adaptive evolution with niche conservatism and long‐term stasis?682VI.High plasticity and within‐population genetic variation contribute to population persistence683VII.Emerging technologies for tracking functional change685VIII.Conclusions685Acknowledgements686References686 Summary Ecologists and evolutionary biologists are concerned with explaining the diversity and composition of the natural world and are aware of the inextricable linkages between ecological and evolutionary processes that maintain the Earth's life support systems. Yet examination of these linkages remains challenging due to the contrasting nature of focal systems and research approaches. Model clades provide a critical means to integrate ecology and evolution, as illustrated by the oaks (genus Quercus), an important model clade, given their ecological dominance, remarkable diversity, and growing phylogenetic, genomic, and ecological data resources. Studies of the clade reveal that their history of sympatric parallel adaptive radiation continues to influence community assembly today, highlighting questions on the nature and extent of coexistence mechanisms. Flexible phenology and hydraulic traits, despite evolutionary stasis, may have enabled adaptation to a wide range of environments within and across species, contributing to their high abundance and diversity. The oaks offer fundamental insights at the intersection of ecology and evolution on the role of diversification in community assembly processes, on the importance of flexibility in key functional traits in adapting to new environments, on factors contributing to persistence of long‐lived organisms, and on evolutionary legacies that influence ecosystem function.

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Growth Characteristics of Ectomycorrhizal Seedlings of Quercus glauca, Quercus salicina, Quercus myrsinaefolia, and Castanopsis cuspidata Planted in Calcareous Soil

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Linking multiple hypotheses to a unifying framework of range‐size variation: A case study with American oaks (Quercus spp.)

Linking multiple hypotheses to a unifying framework of range‐size variation: A case study with American oaks (Quercus spp.)

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Differentially Affects the Nutritional Status of Two Durum Wheat Genotypes under Drought Conditions

Diversification, adaptation, and community assembly of the American oaks (Quercus), a model clade for integrating ecology and evolution

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