Growth characteristics associated with biomass production in three varieties of Trichloris crinita (Poaceae), a forage grass native to the arid regions of Argentina

Greco, Silvina; Cavagnaro, Juan Bruno

doi:10.1071/rj05011

Cited by 33 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Such manipulation studies have been carried out in arid or semi-arid regions where drought is occurring frequently (e.g. Sternberg et al, 1999;Greco and Cavagnaro, 2003;Köchy and Wilson, 2004;English et al, 2005;Schwinning et al, 2005;HeislerWhite et al, 2008;Sherry et al, 2008) but also in temperate grasslands where drought is not a severe problem today (e.g. Grime et al, 2000;Morecroft et al, 2004;Kahmen et al, 2005;Mikkelsen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of temperate grasslands at different altitudes to simulated summer drought differed but scaled with annual precipitation

2009

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Abstract.Water is an important resource for plant life. Since climate scenarios for Switzerland predict an average reduction of 20% in summer precipitation until 2070, understanding ecosystem responses to water shortage, e.g. in terms of plant productivity, is of major concern. Thus, we tested the effects of simulated summer drought on three managed grasslands along an altitudinal gradient in Switzerland from 2005 to 2007, representing typical management intensities at the respective altitude. We assessed the effects of experimental drought on above-and below-ground productivity, stand structure (LAI and vegetation height) and resource use (carbon and water). Responses of community above-ground productivity to reduced precipitation input differed among the three sites but scaled positively with total annual precipitation at the sites (R 2 =0.85). Annual community above-ground biomass productivity was significantly reduced by summer drought at the alpine site receiving the least amount of annual precipitation, while no significant decrease (rather an increase) was observed at the pre-alpine site receiving highest precipitation amounts in all three years. At the lowland site (intermediate precipitation sums), biomass productivity significantly decreased in response to drought only in the third year, after showing increased abundance of a drought tolerant weed species in the second year. No significant change in below-ground biomass productivity was observed at any of the sites in response to simulated summer drought. However, vegetation carbon isotope ratios increased under drought conditions, indicating an increase in water use efficiency. We conclude that there is no general drought response of Swiss grasslands, but that sites with lower annual precipitation seem to be more vulnerable to summer drought Correspondence to: A. K. Gilgen (anna.gilgen@ips.unibe.ch) than sites with higher annual precipitation, and thus sitespecific adaptation of management strategies will be needed, especially in regions with low annual precipitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of temperate grasslands at different altitudes to simulated summer drought differed but scaled with annual precipitation

2009

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“…Los elevados valores de fr/fl obtenidos confirman la existencia de autocompatibilidad en ambas especies, como fue inicialmente sugerido por Greco & Cavagnaro (2005) y Cavagnaro et al (2006 al evaluar progenies en T. crinita.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Estas irregularidades no fueron detectadas en ambas especies lo que nos permite sugerir el origen sexual de los frutos para el género Trichloris. La falta de segregación fenotípica hallada en progenies de T. crinita (Greco & Cavagnaro, 2005, Cavagnaro et al, 2006 puede deberse entonces a una elevada tasa de autogamia.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Esta especie es tolerante a la defoliación (Cavagnaro & Dalmasso, 1983), a la sequía (Greco & Cavagnaro, 2003) y a la salinidad (Aronson, 1989, Lloyd-Reilley & Kadin, 2002 y su presencia en los pastizales es indicadora de buena condición forrajera (Kunst et al, 2007).…”

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“…En relación al sistema reproductivo y la producción de frutos, en T. crinita, Greco & Cavagnaro (2005) y Cavagnaro et al (2006 sugirieron la presencia de apomixis o autogamia obligada, al no hallar variaciones fenotípicas en las descendencias de plantas madre luego de cuatro generaciones. Para T. pluriflora se desconoce su sistema reproductivo.…”

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Sistema Reproductivo de Trichloris (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Chlorideae)

Gutiérrez¹,

Richard²,

Cerino³

2016

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

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Summary:Reproductive system of Trichloris (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Chlorideae). Trichloris crinita and T. pluriflora are important native forage species with the potential to be domesticated and introduced to cultivation, but there is scarce basic information on their reproductive biology. The aim of this work was to determine the reproductive system of both plant species in populations coming from north-central Argentina. The following was proposed: 1) determine the reproductive system through the fruit/flower ratio under controlled pollination, 2) quantify the weight of the fruits produced by population under different treatments and 3) confirm or discard the presence of apomixis through embryological observations. In T. crinita, the average fruit/flower ratio was 92.4 ± 6.6%, while in T. pluriflora, it was 70.7 ± 9.9%. These results are consistent with self-compatible species, preferably self-pollinated ones. Embryo sac development indicates sexual origin of seeds in both species. Significant differences in the average weight of one hundred fruits among populations and treatments, in both species, were found. The fruits were lighter in self-pollination. The information presented is a contribution to the tasks of selection and introduction to the culture of both species as well as to the conservation and regeneration of the collected germplasm.Key words: Trichloris, Reproductive success, Self-pollination, Fruit weight.Resumen: Trichloris crinita y T. pluriflora constituyen importantes forrajeras nativas con potencialidades de ser domesticadas e introducidas al cultivo, pero es escasa la información básica sobre su biología reproductiva. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el sistema reproductivo de ambas especies en poblaciones provenientes del centro-norte de Argentina. Se propuso: 1) establecer el sistema reproductivo a través de la relación fruto/flor en polinizaciones controladas, 2) cuantificar el peso de los frutos producidos, por población, bajo diferentes tratamientos y, 3) confirmar o descartar la presencia de apomixis a través de observaciones embriológicas. En T. crinita, la relación fruto/flor promedio fue de 92,4 ± 6,6%, mientras que en T. pluriflora, fue de 70,7 ± 9,9%. Estos resultados se corresponden con especies autocompatibles, preferentemente autógamas. El desarrollo del saco embrionario indica origen sexual de las semillas en ambas especies. Se hallaron diferencias significativas en el peso promedio de cien cariopsis entre poblaciones y entre tratamientos, en ambas especies. Los frutos fueron más livianos en autopolinización. La información que se presenta es un aporte a las tareas de selección e introducción al cultivo como también a la conservación y regeneración del germoplasma recolectado.Palabras clave: Trichloris, Éxito reproductivo, Autopolinización, Peso de frutos.

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Plant dry weight and nutritive value of genetically diverse germplasm of false Rhodes grass [Leptochloa crinita (Lag.) P.M. Peterson and N.W. Snow], a native forage grass from arid regions of the Americas

et al. 2022

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The native forage, false Rhodes grass [Leptochloa crinita (Lag.) P.M. Peterson and N.W. Snow], represents an important component of the arid and semi-arid rangelands of the Americas, due to its large area of distribution and its tolerance to drought and cattle grazing. Precise information on nutritive value and the factors that influence this trait is relevant for effective utilization as a forage in arid regions of the world.Here, we characterized dry matter (DM) per plant and nutritive value parameters in leaves, stems, and panicles of 21 genetically diverse L. crinita accessions, in a 2-yr partially replicated trial. Dry matter, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash, fat, phosphorus, and calcium concentrations were determined. Significant (p < .01), substantial variation was found among accessions for DM, CP, NDF, ADF, ash, and fat content. Whole-plant DM varied ∼threefold among the accessions. Variation was also found among the plant parts (p < .001) for all traits, with leaves and panicles having greater CP content than stems, and leaves being the less fibrous organs. In general, the range values found for DM (117-342 g DM plant −1 ), CP (76-109 g kg −1 ), NDF (747-839 g kg −1 ), and ADF (425-479 g kg −1 ) partially overlapped the range of variation reported for these traits in other forage grasses of arid regions, although some L. crinita accessions had greater CP and DM than most of the compared species; suggesting that L. crinita is an adequate forage grass for cattle grazing.

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Growth characteristics associated with biomass production in three varieties of Trichloris crinita (Poaceae), a forage grass native to the arid regions of Argentina

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Response of temperate grasslands at different altitudes to simulated summer drought differed but scaled with annual precipitation

Response of temperate grasslands at different altitudes to simulated summer drought differed but scaled with annual precipitation

Sistema Reproductivo de Trichloris (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Chlorideae)

Plant dry weight and nutritive value of genetically diverse germplasm of false Rhodes grass [Leptochloa crinita (Lag.) P.M. Peterson and N.W. Snow], a native forage grass from arid regions of the Americas

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