Growth behaviours of pentacene films confined in engineered shapes of ionic-liquid in vacuum

Takeyama, Yoko; Mantoku, Shinji; Maruyama, Shigenao; Matsumoto, Yuji

doi:10.1039/c3ce41473f

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The wrinkle structures shown in Figure4Ba re often observed in metal films deposited on soft substrates and this can be evidence that the surface of the IL thin film is covered by aw rinkled Au thin film. [58][59][60][61] In summary,t he results of this work can contribute to the potential applications of nanodroplets and thin films of ionic liquidsi no rganic electronics and optoelectronics and, consequently,t ot he developmento fn ew,g reen, and efficient nanotechnologies. [52] The formation of flat thin films suggests the application of ILs in multilayerso rm ixtures (hybrid materials) with organic or inorganic semiconductors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Morphology of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids as Deposited by Vapor Deposition: Micro‐/Nanodroplets and Thin Films

2016

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The morphology of micro-and nanodroplets and thin films of ionic liquids (ILs) prepared through physical vapor deposition is presented. The morphology of droplets deposited on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass is presented for the extended 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([CnC1im][Ntf2]; n= 1-8) series, and the results show the nano-structuration of ILs. The use of in-vacuum energetic particles enhances/increases the nanodroplets mobility/coalescence mechanisms and can be a pathway to the fabrication of thin IL films. Ionic liquids (ILs) are a family of materials that offer a range of properties that can be adjusted to optimize their performance in a diversity of technological applications. [1-3] ILs share common characteristics, such as ionic conductivity, good thermal stability, and extremely low vapor pressure at room temperature. [4-6] In recent years, extensive studies of the thermo-physical properties of ILs have shown that almost none of these properties are shared across the IL range due to structural/nanostructural modifications. [7-9] ILs are becoming particularly attractive for many applications, such as solvents for electro-chemistry (electrically conducting fluids, electrolytes), sealants, chemical industry, gas handling, pharmaceuticals, cellulose processing, dye-sensitized solar cells, waste recycling, batteries, dispersion of nanomaterials, and electrode-electrolyte interfaces in high-vacuum systems. [10-15] Recently, the liquid/vacuum and liquid/solid interfaces of ILs have been of great relevance for most of the above-mentioned applications, and model surface studies and molecular orientation/ordering investigations of ILs have been performed on surfaces with different chemical properties: Au, Ni, silica, graphene, alumina, glass, and mica. [16-20] In some cases, thin films of ILs have been prepared by using impregnation techniques with solutions of ILs in volatile solvents, followed by solvent removal by evaporation. Thus, nanostructures of ILs can be prepared by spin/dip-coating methods and the films have low thicknesses and exceptional lubrication characteristics. [20] In recent years, the focus has been on physical vapor deposition (PVD) of ILs on different surfaces [16, 18, 19]

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confidence: 83%

Morphology of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids as Deposited by Vapor Deposition: Micro‐/Nanodroplets and Thin Films

2016

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“…We utilize the assumption that the size distribution of subcritical clusters is dominated by the monomers; this then assumes the formation/dissolution rate of subcritical clusters is high, and is supported by the form of the concentration distribution given by Equation (4). The method is an all-organic analog to the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) technique of crystal growth introduced by Wagner and Ellis for inorganic materials in liquid metal alloy droplets [34][35][36][37], but employs an organic [38][39][40][41], ionic liquid [42][43][44], or liquid crystalline [45] solvent combined with an organic precursor delivered via the vapor phase. [26] Hence the rate equations (1) and (2) We apply the model to study BN in the formation of µm-sized crystals of the organic semiconductor tetracene, grown in a solvent of bis(2-ethylhexyl)sebecate (BES).…”

Section: Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Center Western Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple model of burst nucleation

Baronov

Bufkin

Shaw

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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We introduce a comprehensive quantitative treatment for burst nucleation (BN)-a kinetic pathway toward self-assembly or crystallization defined by an extended post-supersaturation induction period, followed by a burst of nucleation, and finally the growth of existing stable assemblages absent the formation of new ones-based on a hybrid mean field rate equation model incorporating thermodynamic treatment of the saturated solvent from classical nucleation theory. A key element is the inclusion of a concentration-dependent critical nucleus size, determined self-consistently along with the subcritical cluster population density. The model is applied to an example experimental study of crystallization in tetracene films prepared by organic vapor-liquid-solid deposition, where good agreement is observed with several aspects of the experiment using a single, physically well-defined adjustable parameter. The model predicts many important features of the experiment, and can be generalized to describe other self-organizing systems exhibiting BN kinetics.

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“…The almost of plate‐like Alq 3 crystal adhered to the substrate surface without flowing down during soaking by pure water to remove the ionic liquid. These results suggest that crystal nuclei are formed not in the ionic liquid but rather directly on the substrate surface . We considered the crystal growth model to explain the dependency of orientation of precipitated crystals on the thickness of ionic liquid layer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of Organic Single Crystal Growth Method Using Electrospray Deposition and Thin‐Film Ionic Liquid

Ueda

Takeuchi

Terada

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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A novel crystal growth technique is proposed that uses a thin ionic liquid film with an extremely low vapor pressure as the crystal growth field, and a solute supplied by electrospray deposition through the surface of the liquid film. The precipitation properties of small molecule Alq3 single crystals were investigated at 25 °C under atmospheric pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. Using the proposed method, aggregated small crystals of less than 10 μm, rhombic plate‐like crystals with diagonal lengths of 50 μm, and hexagonal plate‐like crystals of 100 μm were precipitated when the solution supply rates (supply times) were 8.0 (90), 4.0 (180), and 2.0 μl min−1 (360 min), respectively. Alq3 is known to be a material difficult to grow into plate‐like crystals, however, when solution was supplied to the ionic liquid at a rate of 2.0 μl min−1 for 16 h, large hexagonal plate‐like crystals with a diagonal length of about 400 μm are obtained, which are among the largest plate‐like Alq3‐based crystals ever reported. The proposed crystal growth technique is expected to be beneficial for growing large size plate‐like single crystals of various organic materials.

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Growth behaviours of pentacene films confined in engineered shapes of ionic-liquid in vacuum

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Morphology of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids as Deposited by Vapor Deposition: Micro‐/Nanodroplets and Thin Films

Morphology of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids as Deposited by Vapor Deposition: Micro‐/Nanodroplets and Thin Films

A simple model of burst nucleation

Proposal of Organic Single Crystal Growth Method Using Electrospray Deposition and Thin‐Film Ionic Liquid

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