Growth and survival of Mytilus edulis larvae exposed to low levels of dibutyltin and tributyltin

Lapota, David; Rosenberger, D. E.; Platter-Rieger, M. F.; Seligman, Peter F.

doi:10.1007/bf00349840

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…2 Acute and chronic TBT toxicity is well known in several species of aquatic organisms. 9,10 The negative effects of TBT have been observed in the bivalve larval development of Crassostrea gigas, 11 Mytilus edulis 12 and Mercenaria mercenaria. 13 The embryotoxic effects of both TBT and its degradation products, resulting in altered or blocked embryonic development, have also been observed in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, probably owing to the interference of organotins with intracellular calcium homeostasis during skeleton deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In vitro effects of tributyltin on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Tapes philippinarum

Matozzo

Ballarin

Marin

2002

Applied Organom Chemis

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The effects of tributyltin (TBT, as the chloride) on circulating cells from the clam Tapes philippinarum were investigated, in order to set up quick and reproducible in vitro bioassays to evaluate TBT toxicity in bivalve molluscs. Haemocytes, collected from the adductor muscle of clams, were exposed for 60 min at 25°C to sublethal concentrations of TBT (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 mM) and the effects on uptake of the vital dye Neutral Red, and both superoxide dismutase (antioxidant enzyme) and lysozyme (bacteriolytic enzyme) activities were spectrophotometrically evaluated. Exposure of haemocytes to 0.05 mM TBT caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in Neutral Red dye uptake compared with controls, whereas no differences resulted after exposure to 0.01 and 0.1 mM TBT. Enlarged lysosomes were observed in haemocytes exposed to 0.05 mM TBT. Moreover, in haemocytes treated with 0.05 mM and 0.1 mM TBT, superoxide dismutase activity significantly decreased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively) with respect to that of controls. A significant decrease in lysozyme activity was also observed in haemocytes exposed to 0.05 (P < 0.01) and 0.1 mM TBT (P < 0.001). These results suggest a relationship between TBT exposure and alterations in functional responses of haemocytes in T. philippinarum. The proposed assays are sensitive, rapid and reproducible. They may be proposed as biomarkers, although their responsiveness needs to be more fully evaluated in haemocytes collected after clam exposure in both laboratory and field conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In vitro effects of tributyltin on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Tapes philippinarum

Matozzo

Ballarin

Marin

2002

Applied Organom Chemis

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“…However, larval stages are, in general, more sensitive than the adults, 8 and thus more research should be addressed regarding the effects of pollutants on the recruitment of prosobranch species at highly polluted sites. Most of the studies regarding the toxicity of metals towards mollusc larvae have been performed on bivalves, such as Scrobicularia plana, 9 -11 Crassostrea gigas, 12 -16 Mytilus edulis 17,18 and Mytilus galloprovincialis. 12,14 Curiously, very few ecotoxicological studies are available regarding gastropod larvae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the acute toxicity of tributyltin and copper to veliger larvae of Nassarius reticulatus (L.)

Silva

Génio

Mendo

et al. 2005

Applied Organom Chemis

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The ban on the use of tributyltin (TBT) is promoting an increasing use of copper as an active biocide in antifouling paints, with consequent rising levels of this metal in the environment. This study assesses the acute toxicity of copper and tributyltin to the larvae of the mollusc gastropod Nassarius reticulatus. Recently hatched veligers were exposed to nominal TBT-Sn concentrations of 0.9, 1.4, 1.9, 2.8, 3.8, 4.7 and 5.6 µg l −1 and nominal copper concentrations of 9.4, 23.4, 46.9, 70.3, 93.8, 117.2, 140.6 and 164.1 µg l −1 for up to 96 h, under static conditions (17 ± 1 • C and 33 ± 1 psu). The percentage of larval mortality was determined for each organometal/metal concentration and exposure time (1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Both TBT and copper had a highly significant effect on larvae survival (p < 0.001) for all times of exposure, except for the first hour in the particular case of TBT. The lowest observed effect concentration for TBT-Sn decreased over time from 3.8 µg l −1 at 24 h to 1.9 µg l −1 at 96 h, whereas for copper it remained constant over time (46.9 µg l −1 ). The median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) for TBT-Sn decreased from 4.87 µg l −1 at 24 h to 1.78 µg l −1 at 96 h, and the LC 50 for copper decreased from 83.08 µg l −1 at 24 h to 58.84 µg l −1 at 96 h. TBT is far more toxic to N. reticulatus larvae than copper. However, owing to the higher copper environmental concentrations, the risk factors of the two biocides may approach each other. This stresses the need to find adequate substitutes for organotin biocides in future antifouling paints.

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“…The first developmental stages of bivalves have been shown to be highly sensitive to toxicants such as pesticides (Davis & Hidu 1969, Armstrong & Millemann 1974, His & Seaman 1993, detergents (Granrno 1972, Sigler & Leibovitz 1982, antifouling paints (His & Robert 1980, 1983, Laughlin et al 1988, Lapota et al 1993) and particularly heavy metals (Brereton et al 1973, Calabrese et al 1973, Calabrese &Nelson 1974, His & Robert 1981, 1982, Martin et al 1981, Thain 1984. Connor (1972) found that the Hg concentration causing 50 % mortality in Ostrea edulis L. larvae was several thousand times lower than in adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dissolved mercury on embryo-genesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae

Beiras¹,

His²

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effects of mercury (Hg) concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 pg 1-' upon embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) oyster larvae were investigated. Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50 % of the individuals at 11 pg I-' The 48 h LDS" for D-shaped, urnbonate and pediveliger larvae were 33, 115 and 200 pg 1-' respectively. The increase in was partially explained by the larval weight increase, although weight-specific tolerance to Hg was higher in smaller larvae. Growth, the most sensitive physiological process studied, was significantly retarded at 4 pg I-'. The metamorphosis rate was significantly reduced when competent pediveligers were exposed to 64 pg I-' for 48 h prior to the addition of the metamorphosis inducer epinephrine. The implications of the present results for monitoring pollution by utilising different bivalve larval stages are discussed.

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Growth and survival of Mytilus edulis larvae exposed to low levels of dibutyltin and tributyltin

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

In vitro effects of tributyltin on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Tapes philippinarum

In vitro effects of tributyltin on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Tapes philippinarum

Comparison of the acute toxicity of tributyltin and copper to veliger larvae of Nassarius reticulatus (L.)

Effects of dissolved mercury on embryo-genesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae

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