Growth and structures of C₆₀ shells

Abstract

The growth of the shells of C60 crystals was carried out under various conditions. The detailed structures of the grown shells were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The shells were formed during thermal sublimation of the C60 crystals, which were irradiated with white light in air. The shells were mainly composed of a kind of amorphous carbon. From these results, it is suggested that the oxygen-induced disintegration of C60 cages is responsible for the shell formation.

Structure and electrical properties of heat-treated fullerene nanowhiskers as potential energy device materials

“…Sakuma et al showed that the major part of the shell structure "cocoon" was amorphous carbon by Raman spectroscopy. 10 This result agrees with the above observation of Fig. 3(a).…”

“…The new nano carbon tubes are named "fullerene shell tubes", referring to the name of "C 60 shell". 10 Also we found that carbon tubes composed of C 60 molecules can be prepared by using (η 2 -C 60 )Pt(PPh 3 ) 2 in the course of fabrication of C 60 nanowhiskers that contain (η 2 -C 60 )Pt(PPh 3 ) 2 molecules.…”

Raman Spectroscopy

“…Likewise, fullerene structure in crystals and polymers has been determined by Raman spectroscopy. Various methods for growing fullerene shells (293) have been reported for fullerene/solvent interfaces (297,298).…”

Characterization of fullerene nanotubes prepared by the liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method

“…We also showed that the C 60 nanowhiskers could be converted to hollow nano carbon tubes by heating in vacuum [8]. The hollow carbon tubes were named 'fullerene shell tubes', following the naming of 'C 60 shell' [10].…”