Growth and Phytochemicals in Lettuce as Affected by Different Ratios of Blue to Red Led Radiation

Lee, Jae Su; Lim, Tae‐Gyu; Kim, Yong Hyeon

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2014.1037.112

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…These results indicate that vegetative growth was more favored in the L than in the H treatment. Previous work by Son and Oh [16], and Lee et al [25] supports our results that a high percentage of red in the total light, as in the L treatment, promotes vegetative growth.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A decrease in leaf area can reduce the overall biomass production in lettuce [22,23] due to decreased light interception. On the other hand, a high percentage of low-energy radiation such as red light (70 to 90%) provided in fixed lighting can increase leaf expansion and shoot biomass in lettuce [24][25][26] but the levels of phytochemicals are reduced in lettuce [9,13,27]. Therefore, it can be challenging to increase both vegetative growth and the levels of nutritionally important phytochemicals using a 'fixed' light quality during growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fixed vs. variable light quality in vertical farming: Impacts on vegetative growth and nutritional quality of lettuce

Kong

Nemali

2023

PLoS ONE

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Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is commonly produced in vertical farms. The levels of nutritionally important phytochemicals such as beta-carotene (precursor to vitamin A) are generally low in lettuce. In this study, we investigated the benefits of variable lighting strategy (i.e., varying the light quality during production) on maintaining plant growth and increasing the biosynthesis of beta-carotene and anthocyanin. We tested two variable lighting methods, using green and red romaine lettuce, namely (i) providing growth lighting (supports vegetative growth) initially (21 days) followed by a high percentage of blue light (supports biosynthesis of phytochemicals) at final stages (10 days) and (ii) providing a high percentage of blue light initially followed by growth lighting at final stages. Our results indicate that the variable lighting method with initial growth lighting and high percentage of blue at final stages can maintain vegetative growth and enhance phytochemicals such as beta-carotene in green romaine lettuce while both variable lighting methods were not effective in red romaine lettuce. In green romaine lettuce, we did not observe a significant reduction in shoot dry weight but there was an increase in beta-carotene (35.7%) in the variable compared to the fixed lighting method with growth lighting for the entire duration. The physiological bases for differences in vegetative growth and synthesis of beta-carotene and anthocyanin in the variable and fixed lighting methods are discussed.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixed vs. variable light quality in vertical farming: Impacts on vegetative growth and nutritional quality of lettuce

Kong

Nemali

2023

PLoS ONE

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“…In an experimental study by Jiang et al [10] the observed supplementary LED light from beneath and within the inner canopy has a good influence on tomato plant growth and development, as evidenced by higher fresh and dry weight, stem diameter, and specific leaf area. [11], found that the lettuce with the most leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight was produced under red light. Under treatment (red 90% + blue 10%), the maximum amount of ascorbic acid was detected in lettuce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction of Tomato Hybrids to Different Ripeness in Conditions of a Multi-Tube Hydroponic, Soil and Lighting Options

Al-Rukabi,

Leunov,

Tarakanov

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The aim of the study was response tomato hybrids in a multi-tube hydroponic technology in a polycarbonate greenhouse and the effect of different lighting in a phytotron on tomato plants. A study was conducted at All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Production, Moscow region, Russia and the laboratory of artificial climate (RSAU – MTAA). Eleven tomato hybrids were studied, differing in ripeness groups, by comparing their reactions in a hydroponic system (Phytopyramide) and a greenhouse system (soil). The effect of seven different spectral lighting modes on four hybrids under phytotron conditions (growth chamber) was also studied. Observations revealed a significant effect of hydroponic on maturation period. Hydroponic vertical cultivation has shown excellent results in obtaining an early tomato harvest and an increase in yield per m2 compared to a ground greenhouse. A higher marketable production was obtained with Ruddy ball F1 (25.51 kg/m2) compared to (9.92 kg/m2) in the soil greenhouse. Dichromatic light had the greatest effect on photosynthesis, while monochromatic light had the greatest effect on height growth. An increase in leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) was obtained with (blue+red) light (620.06) compared to monochromatic green light (319.88). Monochromatic red (23.81 cm) had the greatest lighting effect on plant height compared to monochromatic blue (12.62 cm) the least.

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“…The spectral composition of lighting in controlled environments can regulate a wide range of commercially relevant crop traits such as harvestable yield, morphology, coloration, and nutritional quality (Carvalho and Folta, 2014a). Red (R; 600-700 nm) radiation is typically more effective at stimulating extension growth and biomass accumulation of leafy greens than blue (B; 400-500 nm) or B + R radiation (Ohashi-Kaneko et al, 2007;Son and Oh, 2013;Lee et al, 2014). In contrast, B radiation generally suppresses extension growth (Cope et al, 2014;Wollaeger and Runkle, 2014) but stimulates production of bioactive compounds (Son and Oh, 2013;Lee et al, 2014;Kopsell et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red (R; 600-700 nm) radiation is typically more effective at stimulating extension growth and biomass accumulation of leafy greens than blue (B; 400-500 nm) or B + R radiation (Ohashi-Kaneko et al, 2007;Son and Oh, 2013;Lee et al, 2014). In contrast, B radiation generally suppresses extension growth (Cope et al, 2014;Wollaeger and Runkle, 2014) but stimulates production of bioactive compounds (Son and Oh, 2013;Lee et al, 2014;Kopsell et al, 2015). Green (G; 500-600 nm) radiation penetrates deep in the leaf and crop canopy to promote photosynthesis (Terashima et al, 2009;Brodersen and Vogelmann, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Responses of Red-Leaf Lettuce to Temporal Spectral Changes

Runkle

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Lighting is typically static for indoor production of leafy greens. However, temporal spectrum differentiation for distinct growth phases can potentially control age-specific desirable traits. Spectral effects can be persistent yet dynamic as plants mature, necessitating characterization of time-dependent responses. We grew red-leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) "Rouxai" in a growth room at 23 • C and under a 20-h photoperiod created by warm-white (WW), blue (B; peak = 449 nm), green (G; peak = 526 nm), red (R; peak = 664 nm), and/or far-red (FR; peak = 733 nm) light-emitting diodes. From day 0 to 11, plants received six static lighting treatments with the same total photon flux density (400-800 nm): WW 180 , R 180 , B 20 R 160 , B 20 G 60 R 100 , B 20 R 100 FR 60 , or B 180 (subscripts denote photon flux densities in µmol•m −2 •s −1). On day 11, plants grown under each of the six treatments were transferred to all treatments, which created 36 temporal spectrum alternations. Plant growth, morphology, and coloration were measured on days 11 and 25. Increasing B radiation from 0 to 100% in static treatments decreased shoot fresh and dry weights and increased foliage redness of seedlings and mature plants. Compared to B 20 R 160 , B 20 R 100 FR 60 increased shoot fresh weight, but not dry weight, on both days. However, other phenotypic responses under static treatments changed over time. For example, leaf length under B 180 was 35% lower on day 11 but similar on day 25 compared to that under R 180. In the B 20 background, substituting G 60 for R radiation did not influence shoot weight on day 11 but decreased it by 19% on day 25. When plants were switched from one treatment to another on day 11, the treatments applied before day 11 influenced final shoot weight and, to a lesser extent, leaf length and foliage coloration on day 25. In comparison, effects of the treatments applied after day 11 were more pronounced. We conclude some phenotypic responses to light quality depend on time and sequential light quality treatments had cumulative effects on lettuce growth. The temporal complexity of spectral responses is critical in photobiological research and creates opportunities for time-specific spectrum delivery to optimize crop characteristics.

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Growth and Phytochemicals in Lettuce as Affected by Different Ratios of Blue to Red Led Radiation

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Fixed vs. variable light quality in vertical farming: Impacts on vegetative growth and nutritional quality of lettuce

Fixed vs. variable light quality in vertical farming: Impacts on vegetative growth and nutritional quality of lettuce

Reaction of Tomato Hybrids to Different Ripeness in Conditions of a Multi-Tube Hydroponic, Soil and Lighting Options

Growth Responses of Red-Leaf Lettuce to Temporal Spectral Changes

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