Growth and Oxidation Kinetics of Three Genera of Ammonia Oxidizing Nitrifiers

Belser, L. W.; Schmidt, E. L.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1980.tb01628.x

Cited by 99 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…of ca. 10 ϫ 10 Ϫ15 mol cell Ϫ1 h Ϫ1 (5,21). This population density is 40-to 150-fold greater than the average MPN values obtained from the forest soil samples at Carpenter (ϳ1,000 g of soil Ϫ1 ) and far greater than the estimates made at Lookout.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria along Meadow-to-Forest Transects in the Oregon Cascade Mountains

Mintie¹,

Heichen²,

Cromack³

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

and CfoI135) were found more frequently in meadow and transition zone soil samples than in forest samples at both sites. At the Lookout site the combination AluI491-CfoI135 was found primarily in meadow samples expressing the highest N mineralization rates. Four unique amoA sequences were identified among 15 isolates recovered into pure culture from various transect locations. Six isolates possessed the most common T-RFLP amoA fingerprint of the soil samples (TaqI283-AluI392-CfoI66), and their amoA sequences shared 99.8% similarity with a cultured species, Nitrosospira sp. strain Ka4 (cluster 4). The other three amoA sequences were most similar to sequences of Nitrosospira sp. strain Nsp1 and Nitrosospira briensis (cluster 3). 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis confirmed the affiliation of these isolates with Nitrosospira clusters 3 and 4. Two amoA clone sequences matched T-RFLP fingerprints found in soil, but they were not found among the isolates.For many years the process of nitrification was thought to play a minimal role in N cycling in coniferous forest ecosystems. Based on the physiological properties of a limited number of NH 3 -oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in pure culture, several soil factors were considered detrimental to them, including soil acidity, high C/N ratios, low N availability, and the presence of allelochemical compounds (12,13,22,38,39,49,54). With the advent of improved 15 N tracer methods and mass spectrometric technology, N cycling processes were shown to be tightly coupled in forest soils and that both nitrification and NO 3 Ϫ assimilation can occur simultaneously with mineralization and ammonification (11,15,45,53). These observations stimulated interest in learning more about the nature and physiological ecology of AOB in forest ecosystems (12,14,30,44,51).In recent years, considerable progress has been made in elucidating the composition of AOB communities in soil by taking advantage of variation in gene sequences of either 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) or the catalytic subunit of NH 3 monooxygenase, amoA (2,19,37,40). Most research has focused on grasslands and agroecosystems where, in general, soil populations are dominated by the genus Nitrosospira rather than by the widely studied genus Nitrosomonas (4, 8, 24-28, 36, 47, 48). Nitrosospira can be grouped into several phylogenetically distinct clusters (3, 25), with cluster 3 being widely distributed in agricultural soils with high N availability (8,18,27,28,55). Clusters 1, 2, and 4 are more prevalent in soils that are either acidic (47, 48), retired from agricultural use (27, 28), or that were never exposed to tillage and/or applications of N fertilizer (8, 55).The objective of the present study was to examine the nature of the AOB communities associated with soil along high-elevation (ϳ1,500 m) meadow-to-forest transects at two sites in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest of Oregon. We hypothesized that these transects would provide a gradient along which differences in vegetation composition and plant N inputs interacting with chang...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria along Meadow-to-Forest Transects in the Oregon Cascade Mountains

Mintie¹,

Heichen²,

Cromack³

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…fmol NO 2 Ϫ cell Ϫ1 h Ϫ1 ) were calculated from the exponential growth phase as described previously (42). Protein growth yield (Y p in mg protein mmol Ϫ1 nitrite) and cell growth yield (Y c in log cell counts mmol Ϫ1 nitrite) were calculated on the basis of cells or protein produced per millimole of nitrite oxidized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Oxidation Kinetics of Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria: Nitrite Availability as a Key Factor in Niche Differentiation

Nowka

Daims

Spieck

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

285

208

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrification has an immense impact on nitrogen cycling in natural ecosystems and in wastewater treatment plants. Mathematical models function as tools to capture the complexity of these biological systems, but kinetic parameters especially of nitriteoxidizing bacteria (NOB) are lacking because of a limited number of pure cultures until recently. In this study, we compared the nitrite oxidation kinetics of six pure cultures and one enrichment culture representing three genera of NOB (Nitrobacter, Nitrospira, Nitrotoga). With half-saturation constants (K m ) between 9 and 27 M nitrite, Nitrospira bacteria are adapted to live under significant substrate limitation. Nitrobacter showed a wide range of lower substrate affinities, with K m values between 49 and 544 M nitrite. However, the advantage of Nitrobacter emerged under excess nitrite supply, sustaining high maximum specific activities (V max ) of 64 to 164 mol nitrite/mg protein/h, contrary to the lower activities of Nitrospira of 18 to 48 mol nitrite/mg protein/h. The V max (26 mol nitrite/mg protein/h) and K m (58 M nitrite) of "Candidatus Nitrotoga arctica" measured at a low temperature of 17°C suggest that Nitrotoga can advantageously compete with other NOB, especially in cold habitats. The kinetic parameters determined represent improved basis values for nitrifying models and will support predictions of community structure and nitrification rates in natural and engineered ecosystems.A erobic nitrite oxidation is the second microbially mediated part of nitrification, a key process in the global nitrogen cycle, catalyzed by autotrophic, slow-growing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Under nitrifying conditions, the growth of NOB is directly linked to the nitrite production rate and the kinetics of nitrite oxidation (1). Nitrification occurs in almost every aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem, in natural as well as in artificial environments like wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The intermediate nitrite hardly accumulates, but local or temporary peaks might appear especially when conditions suddenly change or adverse conditions like alkaline pH values impair NOB activity (2). In WWTPs, disturbances can cause nitrite peaks after destabilization of the NOB guild (3). In soils, nitrite concentrations can vary from ϳ0.01 to ϳ100 g of nitrogen g of soil Ϫ1 , with the highest values measured in fertilized samples (4). Therefore, the concentration of nitrite as the substrate of NOB varies and is regarded as one major factor providing niche differentiation (5). In the ecological context, field studies are important to characterize nitrifying communities with specific activities and affinities for nitrite, but for a better understanding of wastewater treatment processes, mathematical models are required (6). Such models include ecophysiological kinetic data, which are known primarily for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (7). They provide the substrate nitrite for the second major step of nitrification. However, the development of two-step nitrification models also ...

show abstract

“…These dilutions were incubated on a shaker at 120 rpm and 25°C. The growth rate of the AOB was determined by measuring the changes in nitrite and nitrate concentrations and calculated via ln transformation of the nitrite (plus nitrate) contents (Belser & Schmidt 1980).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of oxygen partial pressure and salinity on the community composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the Schelde estuary

Bollmann¹,

Laanbroek²

2002

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of environmental factors on the community structure of ammoniaoxidizing bacteria (AOB) was investigated in the Schelde estuary. Simultaneously with the increase of oxygen and salinity, a shift of the dominant AOB was observed. Molecular analysis based on 16S rRNA genes showed that the freshwater area was dominated by Nitrosomonas-like sequences which were closely related to N. ureae and N. oligotropha. In the brackish area, sequences of a novel group of Nitrosomonas-like bacteria and relatives of N. marina and N. aestuarii were found. Batch and continuous culture experiments were used to investigate the reason behind the community shift. Batch incubations showed a positive influence of the natural water from the Schelde estuary on ammonia oxidation, compared to mineral medium. The ammonia oxidation rates of the AOB originating from the brackish water were higher in the absence of salt. Water from the freshwater part was incubated in continuous cultures under 3 different conditions of salinity and oxygen partial pressure. Under all conditions, ammonia consumption in the continuous cultures started at once. Molecular analysis resulted in a clear phylogenetic difference between the absence and presence of salt, indicating that salt is the factor which causes the community shift of the AOB in the Schelde estuary.

show abstract

Growth and Oxidation Kinetics of Three Genera of Ammonia Oxidizing Nitrifiers

Cited by 99 publications

References 11 publications

Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria along Meadow-to-Forest Transects in the Oregon Cascade Mountains

Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria along Meadow-to-Forest Transects in the Oregon Cascade Mountains

Comparison of Oxidation Kinetics of Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria: Nitrite Availability as a Key Factor in Niche Differentiation

Influence of oxygen partial pressure and salinity on the community composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the Schelde estuary

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About